贵州丹寨排庭汞矿区土壤-玉米重金属含量及生态影响
Heavy Metal Contents of Soil-Maizes and Its Ecological Effects in Mercury Mining Area of Danzhai Paiting, Guizhou
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摘要: 对丹寨排庭汞矿区土壤、玉米中重金属含量及玉米Se、Mo和Zn等有益元素富集机制进行分析。在排庭汞矿区周边采集样品，包括尾矿渣、土壤和玉米，用电感耦合等离子体质谱仪（ICP-MS）和电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱仪（ICP-AES）测试样品元素含量，pH计测试土壤、矿渣的pH值。并结合土壤环境质量标准、农作物重金属限量标准、欧盟标准以及世界卫生组织和联合国粮农组织（WHO/FAO）标准对土壤、玉米中重金属污染状况进行评价。结果表明，汞矿区矿渣土壤As、Hg、Cu和Pb等含量超过贵州和中国土壤背景值，As、Hg等含量较高，分别为271 mg·kg-1和110.50 mg·kg-1。矿渣土种植的玉米富集Se、Mo和Zn元素，含量为11.55、0.81和72.3 mg·kg-1。综上所述，该矿区土壤已受到As、Hg污染，重金属污染引起的生态问题应给予重视，矿区内玉米富集Se、Mo和Zn元素，对矿区周边种植富Se、Mo和Zn元素的玉米具有重要意义。Abstract: The objective of this study is to investigate the concentrations of heavy metals in soil and maize from Paiting mercury mine area, Danzhai, Guizhou Province and to explore the enrichment mechanism of Se, Mo and Zn in maize. The tailing, soil, and maize were sampled from the mercury mine area. The elemental concentrations in these samples were analyzed using inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) and inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES), and the pH values of tailing and soil were measured using the pH meter. Further, the pollution levels of heavy metals in soil and maize were assessed on the basis of the soil environment quality standard, the crop heavy metal limit standard, and the standards of European Union (EU), World Health Organization (WHO), and Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO). Results showed that the concentrations of As, Hg, Cu and Pb in the planted matrix (i.e., soil with tailing) exceeded the corresponding background values of soil in Guizhou and China, indicating the high concentrations of As and Hg (271 and 110.50 mg·kg-1, respectively) in the planted matrix. The concentrations of Se, Mo and Zn in the maize were 11.55, 0.81 and 72.3 mg·kg-1, respectively, showing that the maize was rich in Se, Mo and Zn. Overall, the soil from the mercury mine area was contaminated by As and Hg, so that, the ecological concerns caused by heavy metals pollution should be attached importance. Moreover, the maize was Se-, Mo-, and Zn-enriched, which is of great significance to cultivate the corn enriched by Se, Mo and Zn around the mercury mining area.
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Key words:
- heavy metals /
- maize /
- mercury mining area /
- beneficial elements /
- Paiting
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