再生水受纳湖泊中邻苯二甲酸酯的生态风险时空分布及管控建议
Spatial-temporal Distribution of Ecological Risk and Control Suggestions of Phthalates in a Lake Receiving Reclaimed Water
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摘要: 本研究以再生水受纳湖泊J湖为研究对象，基于多介质归趋模型对湖泊水相和沉积相中邻苯二甲酸酯(phthalic acid esters, PAEs)进行不同时空生态风险评估。结果显示，水相和沉积相中邻苯二甲酸二甲酯(dimethyl phthalate, DMP)和邻苯二甲酸二乙酯(diethyl phthalate, DEP)的危险商(hazard quotient, HQ)均小于0.1，对湖泊水生生物的风险水平为无风险；湖泊中的邻苯二甲酸二丁酯(dibutyl phthalate, DBP)和邻苯二甲酸二(2-乙基己)酯(di-(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate, DEHP)生态风险表现出显著的空间异质性，水相中，DBP低风险区占42.7%，DEHP中风险、低风险区分别占93.5%、5.6%；在沉积相中，DBP中风险、低风险区分别占0.5%、69.2%，DEHP中风险、低风险区分别占0.9%、68.3%。不同季节中，湖泊水相DEP、DBP和DEHP的生态风险差异较大，沉积物中PAEs的生态风险随季节变化与水相相似。最后，建议降低再生水中DBP和DEHP的浓度并从源头管控降低DEHP的生产和使用，可以有效降低受纳湖泊中DBP和DEHP的风险水平。Abstract: In this study, the J Lake system, which receives recycled water, was selected as the research object. The ecological risk assessment of phthalic acid esters (PAEs) in both the water and sediment phases of the lake was conducted based on the multi-media regression model. The results showed that the hazard quotients (HQs) of dimethyl phthalate (DMP) and diethyl phthalate (DEP) in both water and sediment phases were less than 0.1, indicating a negligible risk to aquatic life in the lake. The ecological risks of dibutyl phthalate (DBP) and di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) in the lake revealed significant spatial heterogeneity in the water phase the low-risk area of DBP accounted for 42.7%, while the medium-risk and low-risk areas of DEHP accounted for 93.5% and 5.6%, respectively, and in lake sediment phase the medium and low risk areas of DBP accounted for 0.5% and 69.2%, respectively, while the medium and low risk areas of DEHP accounted for 0.9% and 68.3%, respectively. Moreover, the ecological risks of DEP, DBP, and DEHP in the water phase varied greatly in different seasons, and the ecological risks of PAEs in sediment phase are similar to those in water. It is suggested that reducing the concentrations of DBP and DEHP in reclaimed water and controlling the production and use of DEHP at source can effectively reduce the risk level of DBP and DEHP in the receiving J Lake system.
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