低pH值下上流式厌氧污泥床反应器(UASB)以糖蜜为底物制取高纯度氢气
Production of high purity hydrogen at low pH on up-flow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) with molasses as substrate
-
摘要: 采用由有机玻璃制成的上流式厌氧污泥床反应器(UASB),以糖蜜废水为发酵底物,投加适量氯化铵和磷酸二氢钾,研究在低pH值下系统的产氢性能.在系统启动初期,投加碳酸氢钠控制进水pH=6.75—7.15,使系统处于中性厌氧发酵,固定进水COD为4000 mg·L-1,HRT=8 h.系统运行20 d后,系统处于混合型发酵类型,随后停止投加碳酸氢钠.系统经过45 d的运行,乙醇和乙酸浓度占总浓度的79.39%,而丙酸的浓度只占总浓度的10.89%,形成了稳定的典型乙醇型发酵.第65天,乙醇和乙酸的浓度分别为840.56 mg·L-1、403.12 mg·L-1,乙醇与乙酸浓度占总浓度的93.2%,氢气含量为86.97%.在出水pH=2.81时,系统产氢性能最佳.氢气产率为2.079 mmol·L-1·h-1,氢气产量1.12 m3·m-3·d-1,氢气含量91.46%,是稳定期氢气含量的1.65倍.
-
关键词:
- 上流式厌氧污泥床反应器(UASB) /
- pH /
- 乙醇型发酵 /
- 生物制氢 /
- 糖蜜
Abstract: This research studied the hydrogen production performance at low pH by adopting the up-flow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) made of organic glass, using molasses wastewater as fermentation substrate and adding appropriate amount of ammonium chloride and potassium dihydrogen phosphate. In the initial startup of this system, sodium bicarbonate was added to control the water pH in the range of 6.75—7.15 which enabled the system to be in a neutral anaerobic fermentation with the fixed influent COD of 4000 mg·L-1 and HRT=8 h. Twenty days after the operation, the reaction was in a mixed-type fermentation, and sodium bicarbonate addition was stopped. Forty-five days after operation, the concentration of ethanol and acetic acid accounted for 79.39% of the total, while the propionic acid concentration only accounted for 10.89%. The system formed the stable typical ethanol-type fermentation. On the sixty-fifth day, the concentration of ethanol and acetic acid was 840.56 mg·L-1 and 403.12 mg·L-1 respectively, which accounted for 93.2% of the total concentration with hydrogen content of 86.97%. When the enfluent pH reached 2.81, the hydrogen production was the highest with a hydrogen production rate of 2.079 mmol·L-1·h-1, hydrogen production volume of 1.12 m3·m-3·d-1, and biogas hydrogen content of 91.46%, which was 1.65 times of the content in the stable phase. -
[1] DINCER I. Technical, environmental and exergetic aspects of hydrogen energy systems [J]. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 2002,27:265-285. [2] RODRÍGUEZ J, LEMA J M, KLEEREBEZEM R. Energy-based models for environmental biotechnology [J]. Trends in biotechnology, 2008,26(7):366-374. [3] LI D M, CHEN H Z. Biological hydrogen production from steam-exploded straw by simultaneous saccharification and fermentation [J].International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 2007, 32:1742-1748. [4] SHOW K Y, ZHANG Z P, TAY J H, et al. Production of hydrogen in a granular sludge-based anaerobic continuous stirred tank reactor [J]. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 2007, 32(18):4744-4753. [5] BARTELS J R, PATE M B, OLSON N K. An economic survey of hydrogen production from conventional and alternative energy sources [J].International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 2010, 35:8371-8384. [6] 李永峰,王艺璇,刘春妍.COD/N对新型UASB生物制氢工艺的影响[J].太阳能学报,2012,33(10):1836-1840. LI Y F,WANG Y X,LIU C Y. Effects of COD/N on biohydrogen production by new UASB process [J]. ACTA Energiae Solaris Sinica,2012, 33(10):1836-1840(in Chinese).
[7] DAS D, VEZIROGLU T N. Hydrogen production by biological processes: A survey of literature [J]. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 2001, 26 (1): 13-28. [8] LEITäO R C, HAANDEL A C VAN, ZEEMAN G, et al. The effects of operational and environmental variations on anaerobic wastewater treatment systems: A review [J]. Bioresource technology, 2006, 97 (9):1105-1118. [9] WANG Y, WANG H, FENG X Q, et al. Biohydrogen production from cornstalk wastes by anaerobic fermentation with activated sludge [J]. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 2010, 35:3092-3099. [10] 李建政,任南琪,林明.有机废水发酵法生物制氢中试研究[J].太阳能学报,2002,23(2):252-256. LI J Z, REN N Q, LIN M, et al. Hydrogen bio-production by anaerobic fermentation organic wastewater in pilot-scale [J].ACTA Energiae Solaris Sinica,2002, 23(2):252-256.
[11] HAWKES F, HUSSY I, KYAZZE G, et al. Continuous dark fermentative hydrogen production by mesophilic microflora: Principles and process [J]. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 2007, 32:172-184. [12] OZGUR E, MARS A E, PEKSEL B, et al. Biohydrogen production from beet molasses by sequential dark and photofermentation [J]. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 2010, 35:511-517. [13] TUGBA K, PATRICK C H. Hydrogen production from sugar industry wastes using single-stage photofermentation [J].Bioresource Technology, 2012, 112:131-136. [14] HAN S K, SHIN H S. Biohydrogen production by anaerobic fermentation of food waste [J]. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 2004, 29:569-577. [15] TIWARI M, GUHA S, HARENDRANATH C, et al. Influence of extrinsic factors on granulation in UASB reactor [J]. Applied microbiology and biotechnology, 2006, 71 (2):145-154. [16] SCHMIDT J E, AHRING B K. Granular sludge formation in upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactors [J].Biotechnology and bioengineering, 1996, 49 (3): 229-246. [17] GHANGREKAR M M, ASOLEKAR S R, RANGANATHAN K R, et al. Experience with UASB reactor start-up under different operating conditions [J].Water Science and Technology, 1996, 34 (5/6):421-428. [18] FAN Y T, LI C L, LAY J J, et al. Optimization of initial substrate and pH levels for germination of sporing hydrogen producing anaerobes in cow dung compost [J]. Bioresource technology, 2004, 91 (2): 189-193. [19] LIN C, WU C, HUNG C. Temperature effects on fermentative hydrogen production from xylose using mixed anaerobic cultures [J]. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 2008, 33 (1):43-50. [20] REN N Q, QIN Z, LI J Z. Comparison and analysis of hydrogen production capacity with different acidogenic fermentative microflora [J]. Environmental Science, 2003, 24 (1): 70-74. [21] LEW B, LUSTIG I, BELIAVSKI M, et al. An integrated UASB-sludge digester system for raw domestic wastewater treatment in temperate climates [J]. Bioresource technology, 2011,102 (7):4921-4924. [22] APHA. Standard methods for the examination of water and wastewater (19th edition) [M]. American Public Health Association, Washington, DC, 1995. [23] ZHU G F, WU P, WEI Q S. Biohydrogen production from purified terephthalic acid (PTA) processing wastewater by anaerobic fermentation using mixed microbial communities [J]. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 2010, 35:8350-8356. [24] 葛源,贺纪正,郑袁明,等.稳定性同位素探测技术在微生物生态学研究中的应用[J].生态学报,2006,26(5):1574-1582. GE Y, HE J Z, ZHENG Y M, et al. Stable isotope probing and its applications in microbial ecology [J].Acta Ecologicasinica, 2006, 26(5):1574-1582(in Chinese).
[25] ORPHANVJ, HOUSE CH, HINRICHSK U, et al. Methane-consuming archaea revealed by directly coupled isotopic and phylogenetic analysis [J].Science,2001,293(5529): 484-487. [26] LUEDERS T, POMMERENKE B, FRIEDRICH M W. Stable-isotope probing of microorganisms thriving at thermodynamic limits: Syntrophic propionate oxidation inflooded soil. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 2004, 70(10): 5778-5786. [27] REN N Q, WANG B Z, HUANG J C. Ethanol-type fermentation from carbohydrate in high rate acidogenic reactor [J]. Biotechnology and bioengineering, 1997, 54(5):428-433. [28] MCCARTY D M, OLESKIEWICZ J A.Competition between methanogens and sulfate reducers: Effect of COD, sulfate ratio and acclimatization [J]. Water Environment Research, 1993, 65: 655-664 [29] REN N Q, CHEN X L, ZHAO D. Control of fermentation types in continuous-flow acidogenic reactors: Effects of pH and redox potential [J]. Journal of Harbin Institute of Technology (New Series), 2001, 8 (2):116-119. [30] 任南琪.产酸发酵细菌演替规律研究-pH≤5条件下ORP的影响[J]. 哈尔滨建筑大学学报,1999,32(2):29-34. REN N Q. Succession of acidogenic bacteria for carbohydrate fermentation: Effect of ORP at PH≤5[J].Journal of Harbin University of C.E. &Architecture, 1999,32 (2):29-34(in Chinese).
[31] 任南琪, 宫曼丽, 邢德峰. 连续流生物制氢反应器乙醇型发酵的运行特性[J].环境科学,2004,25(6):113-116. REN NANQI, GONG MANLI, XING DEFENG. Continuous Operation of Hydrogen Bio-Production Reactor with Ethanol-Type Fermentation [J].Environmental Science, 2004, 25(6):113-116(in Chinese).
[32] LI J Z, LI B K, ZHU G F, et al. Hydrogen production from diluted molasses by anaerobic hydrogen producing bacteria in an anaerobic baffled reactor (ABR) [J].International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 2007, 32:3274-3283. [33] HAN W, WANG B, ZHOU Y, et al. Fermentative hydrogen production from molasses wastewater in a continuous mixed immobilized sludge reactor [J]. Bioresource Technology, 2012, 110: 219-223.
计量
- 文章访问数: 401
- HTML全文浏览数: 351
- PDF下载数: 414
- 施引文献: 0