施用给水厂残泥对土壤中草甘膦降解的影响
Effect of drinking water treatment residual amendment on glyphosate degradation in soil
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摘要: 给水厂残泥(WTR)已被证实为安全废弃物,掺杂WTR能显著增强土壤对有机磷农药草甘膦的吸附容量与稳定性,与此同时,WTR的掺杂可能会进一步影响土壤中草甘膦的降解行为.本研究通过单次与重复施加草甘膦实验,从土壤中草甘膦及其代谢产物的残留特征、土壤酶活性和总菌丰度等3个方面,对比分析了WTR掺杂对土壤中草甘膦降解的影响.实验结果表明,单次施加草甘膦条件下,掺杂WTR不会影响草甘膦的降解,反而能降低草甘膦在降解过程中的迁移能力,缓解高浓度草甘膦对土壤磷酸酶和脱氢酶的抑制作用,提高土壤微生物丰度;短时间(21 d)内重复施加草甘膦会导致土壤中草甘膦与AMPA的积累,同时,掺杂WTR,特别是当掺杂量≥5%时,将造成草甘膦积累量进一步增加,但其在WTR土壤具有较高稳定性,二次释放风险小.总体而言,与短时间内频繁使用大量草甘膦的农业区相比,在施用草甘膦时间间隔较长的农业区,掺杂WTR能大大降低草甘膦在降解过程中由土壤向水体迁移的风险.Abstract: Drinking water treatment residuals (WTR) have been verified as non-hazardous waste materials. Amendment of WTR in soil can significantly enhance the sorption capacity and stability of glyphosate, and meanwhile might further affect its degradation behavior. The effect of WTR amendment on the degradation of glyphosate in soil, which was singly and repeatedly applied, was investigated from three aspects including glyphosate and its metabolite AMPA residual characteristics in soil, soil enzyme activity and total bacteria abundance. Results showed that for singly applied glyphosate WTR amendment did not affect glyphosate degradation and instead reduced the mobility of glyphosate during degradation. Meanwhile, WTR amendment mitigated the inhibition effect on soil enzyme caused by high concentration glyphosate and enhanced the soil bacterial abundance. With repeated application of glyphosate, glyphosate and AMPA accumulated in soil, and their accumulation concentrations enhanced significantly when WTR amendment rate reached 5% (weight percent) or more. But the accumulated glyphosate in soil was relatively stable with low release risk following WTR amendment. Overall, it can be concluded that WTR amendment could reduce the mobility of glyphoate from soil to the surrounding water in the area where glyphosate is applied at a longer time interval, compared with that in area where glyphosate is frequently applied within short period.
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Key words:
- drinking water treatment residuals /
- glyphosate /
- degradation /
- soil enzyme /
- bacterial abundance
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