云南不同类型农村沟渠底泥中氮赋存形态分布
Distribution of nitrogen speciation in ditch sediments from different rural types in Yunnan
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摘要: 由于人为干扰强度较大，农村沟渠底泥氮形态的分布与河流、湖泊等存在较大差异，研究农村沟渠底泥氮形态的分布特征具有重要意义.本研究以云南省4种典型农村（畜禽养殖型、生态休闲型、集镇型和传统型）为对象，研究其沟渠底泥氮形态的分布特征.结果表明，全氮（TN）含量为2285.26-5713.51 mg·kg-1，空间分布呈畜禽养殖型 > 集镇型 > 生态休闲型 > 传统型；各形态可转化态氮（TTN）的含量由大到小依次表现为强氧化剂可提取态氮（SOEF-N）> 强碱可提取态氮（WAEF-N）≈弱酸可提取态氮（SAEF-N）> 离子交换态氮（IEF-N）；释放程度从易到难依次为IEF-N > WAEF-N > SAEF-N > SOEF-N；除IEF-N外，各形态氮的含量最大值均出现在畜禽养殖型农村.方差分析表明，w（TN）在集合点和分散点间存在显著差异性；传统型农村的w（IEF-N）、w（WAEF-N）明显低于其余3个类型；畜禽养殖型农村的w（SAEF-N）、w（SOEF-N）明显高于其余3个类型.对农村环境氮污染风险贡献最大的是IEF-N和SOEF-N，其次为WAEF-N和SAEF-N.畜禽养殖型农村氮污染风险最高，其次是集镇型和生态休闲型，传统型最低.Abstract: Due to high extent of anthropogenic interference, a large discrepancy is witnessed in the distribution characteristics of nitrogen speciation of the sediment between the rural ditches and the river or lake. Therefore the research on the distribution of nitrogen speciation in rural ditches is of great significance. This research targeted four representative villages in Yunnan province (livestock and poultry breeding type, eco-leisure type, towns type and traditional type), and investigated the distribution of nitrogen speciation in the ditch sediment from each type of village. Research result revealed that the concentrations of total nitrogen (TN) ranged from 2285.26 to 5713.51 mg·kg-1, and the concentrations of TN from different villages decreased in the following sequence: livestock and poultry breeding type. towns type, eco-leisure type, and traditional type. The concentrations of total transferable nitrogen (TTN) of each speciation followed the sequence: w(SOEF-N) > [w(WAEF-N)≈w(SAEF-N)] > w(IEF-N). The extent of release would be IEF-N > WAEF-N > SAEF-N > SOEF-N. The maximum content of each nitrogen speciation, except IEF-N, appeared in the livestock and poultry breeding type. The results of ANOVA showed that w(TN) is of significantly different between the collection sites and dispersion sites. w(IEF-N) and w(WAEF-N) of the traditional type was obviously lower than the others. w(SAEF-N) and w(SOEF-N) of the livestock and poultry breeding type was obviously higher than others IEF-N and SOEF-N contributed the most to the nitrogen pollution risks in rural environment, followed by WAEF-N, and SAEF-N. The livestock and poultry breeding type of village exhibited the highest risks of nitrogen pollution, followed by the towns type and the eco-leisure type, whereas the traditional type was the lowest.
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Key words:
- rural ditch /
- sediment /
- nitrogen speciation /
- distribution characteristics
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