高级搜索

道路灰尘中重金属的污染特征及其与道路等级的关系——以北京和郑州为例

,  ,  ,  ,  ,  ,  ,  ,  ,  ,  , 

downloadPDF

上一篇

下一篇

沈墨海, 董文静, 王梦蕾, 杨帅, 杨天芳, 唐连峰, 任浩, 吴培培, 孙丽芳, 王世华, 曹治国, 席本野. 道路灰尘中重金属的污染特征及其与道路等级的关系——以北京和郑州为例[J]. 环境化学, 2018, 37(5): 942-951. doi: 10.7524/j.issn.0254-6108.2017081601
引用本文: 沈墨海, 董文静, 王梦蕾, 杨帅, 杨天芳, 唐连峰, 任浩, 吴培培, 孙丽芳, 王世华, 曹治国, 席本野. 道路灰尘中重金属的污染特征及其与道路等级的关系——以北京和郑州为例[J]. 环境化学, 2018, 37(5): 942-951. doi: 10.7524/j.issn.0254-6108.2017081601
shu
SHEN Mohai, DONG Wenjing, WANG Menglei, YANG Shuai, YANG Tianfang, TANG Lianfeng, REN Hao, WU Peipei, SUN Lifang, WANG Shihua, CAO Zhiguo, XI Benye. Pollution characteristics of heavy metals in road dust and its relationship with road levels: Taking Beijing and Zhengzhou as examples[J]. Environmental Chemistry, 2018, 37(5): 942-951. doi: 10.7524/j.issn.0254-6108.2017081601
Citation: SHEN Mohai, DONG Wenjing, WANG Menglei, YANG Shuai, YANG Tianfang, TANG Lianfeng, REN Hao, WU Peipei, SUN Lifang, WANG Shihua, CAO Zhiguo, XI Benye. Pollution characteristics of heavy metals in road dust and its relationship with road levels: Taking Beijing and Zhengzhou as examples[J]. Environmental Chemistry, 2018, 37(5): 942-951. doi: 10.7524/j.issn.0254-6108.2017081601
shu

道路灰尘中重金属的污染特征及其与道路等级的关系——以北京和郑州为例

  • 1.

    河南师范大学环境学院, 黄淮水环境与污染防治教育部重点实验室, 河南省环境污染控制重点实验室, 新乡, 453007;

  • 2.

    高唐县国有旧城林场, 山东, 252872;

  • 3.

    北京林业大学省部共建森林培育学科与保护重点实验室, 北京, 100083

  • 基金项目:

    国家自然科学基金（21607038，51604099），中国博士后科学基金（2015M570629，2016T90668），河南师范大学科学基金（5101219279007，5101219170802）和河南省高等学校重点科研项目（16A610002，17A610007）资助.

Pollution characteristics of heavy metals in road dust and its relationship with road levels: Taking Beijing and Zhengzhou as examples

  • 1.

    Henan Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Control, Key Laboratory for Yellow River and Huai River Water Environment and Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, School of Environment, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, China;

  • 2.

    Gaotang county old state-owned forest farm, Shandong, 252872, China;

  • 3.

    Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Silviculture and Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China

  • Fund Project: Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (21607038, 51604099), the Post-doctoral Science Foundation of China (2015M570629, 2016T90668), Science Foundation of Henan Normal University (5101219279007, 5101219170802) and Key Scientific Research Project Plan of Henan Province (16A610002,17A610007).

  • 摘要: 为了探究交通活动对道路灰尘重金属（Ni、Cu、Zn、Mn、Co、Cr、As、Ag、Cd、Pb）空间分布及人体健康风险的影响，本研究分别采集北京市和郑州市主干道、次干道、支路、交通枢纽和公园道路的灰尘样品共64个，进而运用地积累指数法对其进行污染评价，并运用美国EPA健康风险评估模型进行人体暴露评估和健康风险评价.结果表明，北京市道路灰尘中重金属浓度的高低顺序依次为Zn > Mn > Cr > Ni > Pb > Cu > As > Co > Ag > Cd，郑州市道路灰尘中重金属浓度的高低顺序依次为Zn > Mn > As > Cr > Pb > Ni > Cu > Co > Cd > Ag.北京市道路灰尘中Ag、Cd污染水平较高，而郑州市道路灰尘中Ag、Cd、As浓度明显高于河南省土壤元素背景值.总体而言，郑州市支路灰尘中重金属的浓度最高，次干道其次，主干道浓度最低；而北京市不同规格道路灰尘中重金属的浓度并无明显规律，这与城市发展水平和交通密度的空间分布有直接关系.进一步对比交通枢纽与公园道路灰尘样品发现，道路灰尘中重金属元素可以分为两类，一类受交通活动影响较大，包括Ni、Cu、Zn、Cr、Pb、Cd 6种元素，其在交通枢纽与公园道路灰尘样品中污染水平存在显著差异.另一类受交通影响较小，包括Mn、Co、Ag、As 4种元素，其在交通枢纽和公园道路灰尘中的浓度相差不大.
    Abstract: In order to explore the spatial distribution of heavy metals (Ni、Cu、Zn、Mn、Co、Cr、As、Ag、Cd、Pb) in urban road dust and the influence of traffic activities, 64 dust samples were collected from the main roads, collector streets, bypasses, traffic intersections and park paths of Beijing and Zhengzhou, China. Geo-accumulation index was used to evaluate the contamination level of heavy metals, and human health risk assessment was conducted using the USEPA model. The results showed that the concentrations of heavy metals in road dust decreased in the following order:Zn > Mn > Cr > Ni > Pb > Cu > As > Co > Ag>Cd for Beijing, and for Zhengzhou the order was:Zn > Mn > As > Cr > Pb > Ni > Cu > Co > Cd > Ag. The contamination levels of Ag and Cd in road dust from Beijing were much higher than the other elements, and that of As,Ag and Cd in road dust from Zhengzhou were remarkablely higher. Generally, the concentrations of heavy metals in road dust from bypasses were the highest, followed by collector streets, and the lowest concentrations were found for the main roads in Zhengzhou. However, there was no obvious variation patterns for heavy metals in dust from different levels of roads in Beijing. This might be due to the differences in urbanization level and spatial distribution of traffic activities between the two cities. By comparing heavy metals in dust from traffic intersections with those from park paths, it's found that heavy metals could be divided into two categories. In one category the heavy metuls including Ni、Cu、Zn、Cr、Pb and Cd might be influenced significantly by traffic activities. The spatial distribution of other four elements including Mn、Co、Ag and As was not influenced obviously by road level.
  • 加载中
  • [1] 张春玲,许新兵,任小娜,等. 城市地表灰尘的概念及其研究现状分析[J]. 环境科学与管理,2016,41 (2):21-24.

    ZHANG C L,XU X B,REN X N,et al. Concept and research status of urban surface dust[J]. Environmental Science and Management,2016,41(2):21-24 (in Chinese).

    [2] WEI B,YANG L. A review of heavy metal contaminations in urban soils, urban road dusts and agricultural soils from China[J]. Microchemical Journal,2010,94(2):99-107.
    [3] 常静. 城市地表灰尘-降雨径流系统污染物迁移过程与环境效应 [D]. 上海:华东师范大学,2007. CHANG J. Transport processes and environmental effects of pollutants in urban surface dust and rainfall-runoff system[D]. Shanghai:East China Normal University, 2007 (in Chinese).
    [4] INYANG H I,BAE S. Impacts of dust on environmental systems and human health[J]. Journal of Hazardous Materials,2006,132(1):5-6.
    [5] LIOY P J,FREEMAN N C G,MILLETTE J R. Dust: A metric for use in residential and building exposure assessment and source characterization[J]. Environmental Health Perspectives,2002,110(10):969-983.
    [6] 谢宏芳, 方凤满, 王海东. 城市街道灰尘重金属污染研究进展[J]. 环境污染与防治,2010,32 (5):78-81.

    XIE H F,FANG F M,WANG H D. Research progress on heavy metal pollution in urban street dust[J].Environmental Pollution and Control,2010,32 (5):78-81 (in Chinese).

    [7] WATT J,THORNTON I, COTTER-HOWELLS J. Physical evidence suggesting the transfer of soil Pb into young children via hand-to-mouth activity[J]. Applied Geochemistry,1993,8:269-272.
    [8] SUTHERLAND R A,TOLOSA C A. Multi-element analysis of road-deposited sediment in an urban drainage basin,Honolulu,Hawaii[J]. Environmental Pollution,2000,110 (3):483-495.
    [9] GOMEZ B,PALACIOS M A,GOMEZ M,et al. Levels and risk assessment for humans and ecosystems of platinum-group elements in the airborne particles and road dust of some European cities[J]. Science of the Total Environment,2002,299 (1-3):1-19.
    [10] NAKAYAMA S,HARADA K,INOUE K,et al. Distributions of perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) in Japan and their toxicities[J]. Environmental sciences:An international journal of Environmental Physiology and Toxicology,2004,12(6):293-313.
    [11] BURIAN S J,MCPHERSON T N,BROWN M J,et al. Modeling the effects of air quality policy changes on water quality in urban areas[J]. Environmental Modeling and Assessment,2002,7(3):179-190.
    [12] 唐荣莉, 马克明, 张育新, 等. 北京城市道路灰尘重金属污染的健康风险评价[J]. 环境科学学报,2012,32(8):2006-2015.

    TANG R L,MA K M,ZHANG X Y,et al. Health risk assessment of heavy metals of street dust in Beijing[J].Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae,2012,32(8):2006-2015 (in Chinese).

    [13] CHARLESWORTH S,EVERETT M,MCCARTHY R,et al. A comparative study of heavy metal concentration and distribution in deposited street dusts in a large and a small urban area: Birmingham and Coventry,West Midlands,UK[J]. Environment International,2003,29(5):563-573.
    [14] 李崇,李法云,张营,等.沈阳市街道灰尘中重金属的空间分布特征研究 [J]. 生态环境,2008,17(2):560-564.

    LI C,LI F Y,ZHANG Y,et al. Spatial distribution characteristics of heavy metals in street dust in Shenyang City[J]. Ecology and Environment,2008,17(2):560-564 (in Chinese).

    [15] 张菊,陈振楼,许世远,等. 上海城市街道灰尘重金属铅污染现状及评价 [J]. 环境科学,2006,27(3):519-523.

    ZHANG J,CHEN Z Y,ZHANG Y,et al. Research process on heavy mental pollution in urban stress dust[J].Environment Science, 2006,27(3): 519-523(in Chinese).

    [16] AL-KHASHMAN O A. Determination of metal accumulation in deposited street dusts in Amman,Jordan[J].Environmental geochemistry and Health,2007,29(1):1-10.
    [17] AHMED F,ISHIGA H. Trace metal concentrations in street dusts of Dhaka city,Bangladesh[J]. Atmospheric Environment,2006,40(21):3835-3844.
    [18] 熊敏如.城市街道灰尘中的铅[J].环境卫生学杂志,1976 (5):305-306. XIONG M R. Lead in urban street dust. [J]. Journal of Environmental Health,1976

    (5):305-306(in Chinese).

    [19] ZHENG N,LIU J,WANG Q,et al. Health risk assessment of heavy metal exposure to street dust in the zinc smelting district,Northeast of China[J]. Science of the Total Environment,2010,408(4):726-733.
    [20] MEZA-FIGUEROA D,DE LA O-VILLANUEVA M,DE LA PARRA M L. Heavy metal distribution in dust from elementary schools in Hermosillo,Sonora,México[J]. Atmospheric Environment,2007,41(2):276-288.
    [21] MULLER G. Index of geoaccumulation in sediments of the Rhine River[J]. Geojournal, 1969,2(3):108-118.
    [22] 中国环境监测总站.中国土壤元素背景值[M].北京:中国环境科学出版社,1990. China environmental monitoring center. Background value of soil elements in China[M].Beijing: China Environmental Sciences Press,1990(in Chinese).
    [23] 郭金停,周俊,胡蓓蓓等.天津城市公园灰尘重金属污染健康风险评价[J].生态学杂志,2014,33(2):415-420.

    GUO J T,ZHOU J,HU B B,et al. Park dust health risk assessment of heavy metal pollution in Tianjin [J]. Ecology Magazine,2014,33(2):415-420(in Chinese).

    [24] FERREIRA-BAPTISTA L,DE MIGUEL E. Geochemistry and risk assessment of street dust in Luanda,Angola: A tropical urban environment[J].Atmospheric Environment,2005,39(25):4501-4512.
    [25] 曹治国,余刚,吕香英,等. 北京市典型室内外灰尘中重金属的粒径和季节变异特征及人体暴露评估[J]. 环境科学,2016, 37(4):1272-1278.

    CAO Z G,YU G,LV X Y,et al. Particle size distribution,seasonal variation characteristics and human exposure assessment of heavy metals in typical settled dust from Beijing[J]. Environmental Science,2016,37(4):1272-1278(in Chinese).

    [26] US Environment Protection Agency. Risk assessment guidance for superfund (vol.I):Human health ezaluatio manuai,EPA/540/1-89/002[R]. Office of Solid waste and Emergency Response,US Environmental Protection Agency,1989.
    [27] US Environment Protection Agency. Soil screening guidance:Technical background document,EPA/540/R-95/128[R]. Washington:Office of Solid waste and Emergency Response,US Environmental Protection Agency,1996.
    [28] LI X,POON C,LIU P S. Heavy metal contamination of urban soils and street dusts in Hong Kong[J]. Applied geochemistry,2001,16(11):1361-1368.
    [29] 李如忠,周爱佳,童芳,等. 合肥市城区地表灰尘重金属分布特征及环境健康风险评价 [J]. 环境科学,2011,32(9): 2661-2668.

    LI R Z,ZHOU A J,TONG F,et al. Hefei distribution characteristics of heavy metals in urban dusts and environmental health risk assessment[J]. Environmental Science,2011,32(9):2661-2668 (in Chinese).

    [30] 潘新星,高琪,王明新,等. 常州市道路两侧户外灰尘重金属分布, 形态及环境风险[J]. 环境化学,2015,34(7):1374-1376.

    PAN X X,GAO Q,WANG M X,et al. Changzhou roads sides outdoor dust,heavy metals,patterns and environmental risk[J]. Environmental Chemistry,2015,34(7):1374-1376 (in Chinese).

    [31] SHI G,CHEN Z,XU S,et al. Potentially toxic metal contamination of urban soils and roadside dust in Shanghai,China[J]. Environmental Pollution,2008,156(2):251-260.
    [32] LU X,WANG L,LEI K,et al. Contamination assessment of copper,lead,zinc,manganese and nickel in street dust of Baoji,NW China[J]. Journal of Hazardous Materials,2009,161(2):1058-1062.
    [33] WEI B,JIANG F,LI X,et al. Spatial distribution and contamination assessment of heavy metals in urban road dusts from Urumqi,NW China[J]. Microchemical Journal,2009,93(2):147-152.
    [34] ZHANG D,PAN X,LEE D J. Potentially harmful metals and metalloids in the urban street dusts of Taipei City[J]. Journal of the Taiwan Institute of Chemical Engineers,2014,45(4):1727-1732.
    [35] ZHANG M,HAO W. Concentrations and chemical forms of potentially toxic metals in road-deposited sediments from different zones of Hangzhou,China[J]. Journal of Environmental Sciences,2009,21(5):625-631.
    [36] DUZGOREN-AYDIN N S,WONG C S C,AYDIN A,et al. Heavy metal contamination and distribution in the urban environment of Guangzhou,SE China[J]. Environmental Geochemistry and Health,2006,28(4):375-391.
    [37] 向丽,李迎霞,史江红,等.北京城区道路灰尘重金属和多环芳烃污染状况探析[J]. 环境科学,2010,31(1):159-167.

    XIANG L,LI Y X,SHI J H,et al. Beijing road dust,heavy metals and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons contamination analysis[J]. Environmental Science,2010,31(1):159-167 (in Chinese).

    [38] WANG Q,LU X,PAN H. Analysis of heavy metals in the re-suspended road dusts from different functional areas in Xi'an,China[J]. Environmental Science and Pollution Research,2016,23(19):19838-19846.
    [39] MA Z,CHEN K,LI Z,et al. Heavy metals in soils and road dusts in the mining areas of Western Suzhou,China:A preliminary identification of contaminated sites[J]. Journal of Soils and Sediments,2016,16(1):204-214.
    [40] 陈莹,孙璐,云中来,等. 西安市城市道路灰尘重金属污染及健康风险评价[J]. 安全与环境学报,2016,16(2):370-376.

    CHEN Y,SUN L,YUN Z L,et al. XIan city road dust pollution and health risk assessment of heavy metals[J]. Journal of safety and environment,2016,16(2):370-376 (in Chinese).

    [41] 李章平.重庆市主城区街道灰尘的污染与风险特征研究[D]. 重庆: 西南大学,2012. LI Z P. Street dust pollution in Chongqing and risk characteristics research[D].Chongqing: Southwest University,2012 (in Chinese).
    [42] RAJARAM B S,SURYAWANSHI P V,BHANARKAR A D,et al. Heavy metals contamination in road dust in Delhi city,India[J]. Environmental Earth Sciences,2014,72(10):3929-3938.
    [43] SOLTANI N,KESHAVARZI B,MOORE F,et al. Ecological and human health hazards of heavy metals and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in road dust of Isfahan metropolis,Iran[J]. Science of the Total Environment,2015,505:712-723.
    [44] SAEEDI M,LI L Y,SALMANZADEH M. Heavy metals and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons:Pollution and ecological risk assessment in street dust of Tehran[J]. Journal of hazardous materials,2012,227:9-17.
    [45] CHATTERJEE A,BANERJEE R N. Determination of lead and other metals in a residential area of greater Calcutta[J]. Science of the Total Environment,1999,227(2):175-185.
    [46] SEZGIN N,OZCAN H K,DEMIR G,et al. Determination of heavy metal concentrations in street dusts in Istanbul E-5 highway[J]. Environment international,2004,29(7):979-985.
    [47] TVZEN M. Determination of heavy metals in soil,mushroom and plant samples by atomic absorption spectrometry[J]. Microchemical Journal,2003,74(3):289-297.
    [48] KAMANI H,ASHRAFI S D,ISAZADEH S,et al. Heavy metal contamination in street dusts with various land uses in Zahedan,Iran[J]. Bulletin of environmental contamination and toxicology,2015,94(3):382-386.
    [49] MATHUR R,BALARAM V,SATYANARAYANAN M,et al. Assessment of heavy metal contamination of road dusts from industrial areas of Hyderabad,India[J]. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment,2016,188(9):514.
    [50] CHON H T,IM K W,KIM J Y. Metal contamination of soils and dusts in Seoul metropolitan city,Korea[J]. Environmental Geochemistry and Health,1995,17(3):139-146.
    [51] AL-KHASHMAN O A. Assessment of heavy metals contamination in deposited street dusts in different urbanized areas in the city of Ma'an,Jordan[J]. Environmental Earth Sciences,2013,70(6):2603-2612.
    [52] TOKALıOGˇL U,KARTAL. Multivariate analysis of the data and speciation of heavy metals in street dust samples from the Organized Industrial District in Kayseri (Turkey)[J]. Atmospheric Environment,2006,40(16):2797-2805.
    [53] DUONG T,LEE B K. Determining contamination level of heavy metals in road dust from busy traffic areas with different characteristics[J]. Journal of Environmental Management,2011,92(3):554-562.
    [54] SINGH A K. Elemental chemistry and geochemical partitioning of heavy metals in road dust from Dhanbad and Bokaro regions,India[J]. Environmental Earth Sciences,2011,62(7):1447-1459.
    [55] AHMED F,ISHIGA H. Trace metal concentrations in street dusts of Dhaka city,Bangladesh[J]. Atmospheric Environment,2006,40(21):3835-3844.
    [56] CHRISTOFORIDIS A,STAMATIS N. Heavy metal contamination in street dust and roadside soil along the major national road in Kavala's region,Greece[J].Geoderma,2009,151(3):257-263.
    [57] DAVIS A P,SHOKOUHIAN M,NI S. Loading estimates of lead,copper,cadmium,and zinc in urban runoff from specific sources[J]. Chemosphere,2001,44(5):997-1009.
    [58] PAN X,ZHANG D,CHEN X,et al. Antimony accumulation,growth performance,antioxidant defense system and photosynthesis of Zea mays in response to antimony pollution in soil[J]. Water,Air & Soil Pollution,2011,215(1-4):517-523.
    [59] APEAGYEI E,BANK M S,SPENGLER J D. Distribution of heavy metals in road dust along an urban-rural gradient in Massachusetts[J]. Atmospheric Environment,2011,45(13):2310-2323.
    [60] TRUJILLO-GONZÁLEZ J M,TORRES-MORA M A,KEESSTRA S,et al. Heavy metal accumulation related to population density in road dust samples taken from urban sites under different land uses[J]. Science of the Total Environment,2016,553:636-642.
    [61] 孙宗斌,周俊,胡蓓蓓,等. 天津城市道路灰尘重金属污染特征[J]. 生态环境学报,2014,23(1):157-163.

    SUN Z B,ZHOU J,HU B B,et al. Road dust heavy metal pollution in Tianjin.[J].Ecology and Environmental Science. 2014,23(1):157-163 (in Chinese).

    [62] WECKWERTH G. Verification of traffic emitted aerosol components in the ambient air of Cologne (Germany)[J]. Atmospheric Environment,2001,35(32):5525-5536.
    [63] STERNBECK J,SJDIN A,ANDRASSON K. Metal emissions from road traffic and the influence of resuspension results from two tunnel studies[J]. Atmospheric Environment,2002,36(30):4735-4744.
    [64] HARRISON R M, TILLING R,ROMERO M S C,et al. A study of trace metals and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the roadside environment[J]. Atmospheric Environment,2003,37(17):2391-2402.
    [65] AL-KHASHMAN O A. The investigation of metal concentrations in street dust samples in Aqaba City,Jordan[J]. Environmental Geochemistry and Health,2007,29(3):197-207.
  • 加载中
WeChat 点击查看大图
计量
  • 文章访问数:  1770
  • HTML全文浏览数:  1721
  • PDF下载数:  311
  • 施引文献:  0
出版历程
  • 收稿日期:  2017-08-16
  • 刊出日期:  2018-05-15
沈墨海, 董文静, 王梦蕾, 杨帅, 杨天芳, 唐连峰, 任浩, 吴培培, 孙丽芳, 王世华, 曹治国, 席本野. 道路灰尘中重金属的污染特征及其与道路等级的关系——以北京和郑州为例[J]. 环境化学, 2018, 37(5): 942-951. doi: 10.7524/j.issn.0254-6108.2017081601
引用本文: 沈墨海, 董文静, 王梦蕾, 杨帅, 杨天芳, 唐连峰, 任浩, 吴培培, 孙丽芳, 王世华, 曹治国, 席本野. 道路灰尘中重金属的污染特征及其与道路等级的关系——以北京和郑州为例[J]. 环境化学, 2018, 37(5): 942-951. doi: 10.7524/j.issn.0254-6108.2017081601
shu
SHEN Mohai, DONG Wenjing, WANG Menglei, YANG Shuai, YANG Tianfang, TANG Lianfeng, REN Hao, WU Peipei, SUN Lifang, WANG Shihua, CAO Zhiguo, XI Benye. Pollution characteristics of heavy metals in road dust and its relationship with road levels: Taking Beijing and Zhengzhou as examples[J]. Environmental Chemistry, 2018, 37(5): 942-951. doi: 10.7524/j.issn.0254-6108.2017081601
Citation: SHEN Mohai, DONG Wenjing, WANG Menglei, YANG Shuai, YANG Tianfang, TANG Lianfeng, REN Hao, WU Peipei, SUN Lifang, WANG Shihua, CAO Zhiguo, XI Benye. Pollution characteristics of heavy metals in road dust and its relationship with road levels: Taking Beijing and Zhengzhou as examples[J]. Environmental Chemistry, 2018, 37(5): 942-951. doi: 10.7524/j.issn.0254-6108.2017081601
shu

道路灰尘中重金属的污染特征及其与道路等级的关系——以北京和郑州为例

  • 1.  河南师范大学环境学院, 黄淮水环境与污染防治教育部重点实验室, 河南省环境污染控制重点实验室, 新乡, 453007;
  • 2.  高唐县国有旧城林场, 山东, 252872;
  • 3.  北京林业大学省部共建森林培育学科与保护重点实验室, 北京, 100083
  • 收稿日期:  2017-08-16
基金项目:

国家自然科学基金（21607038，51604099），中国博士后科学基金（2015M570629，2016T90668），河南师范大学科学基金（5101219279007，5101219170802）和河南省高等学校重点科研项目（16A610002，17A610007）资助.

摘要: 为了探究交通活动对道路灰尘重金属（Ni、Cu、Zn、Mn、Co、Cr、As、Ag、Cd、Pb）空间分布及人体健康风险的影响，本研究分别采集北京市和郑州市主干道、次干道、支路、交通枢纽和公园道路的灰尘样品共64个，进而运用地积累指数法对其进行污染评价，并运用美国EPA健康风险评估模型进行人体暴露评估和健康风险评价.结果表明，北京市道路灰尘中重金属浓度的高低顺序依次为Zn > Mn > Cr > Ni > Pb > Cu > As > Co > Ag > Cd，郑州市道路灰尘中重金属浓度的高低顺序依次为Zn > Mn > As > Cr > Pb > Ni > Cu > Co > Cd > Ag.北京市道路灰尘中Ag、Cd污染水平较高，而郑州市道路灰尘中Ag、Cd、As浓度明显高于河南省土壤元素背景值.总体而言，郑州市支路灰尘中重金属的浓度最高，次干道其次，主干道浓度最低；而北京市不同规格道路灰尘中重金属的浓度并无明显规律，这与城市发展水平和交通密度的空间分布有直接关系.进一步对比交通枢纽与公园道路灰尘样品发现，道路灰尘中重金属元素可以分为两类，一类受交通活动影响较大，包括Ni、Cu、Zn、Cr、Pb、Cd 6种元素，其在交通枢纽与公园道路灰尘样品中污染水平存在显著差异.另一类受交通影响较小，包括Mn、Co、Ag、As 4种元素，其在交通枢纽和公园道路灰尘中的浓度相差不大.

English Abstract

    全文HTML

参考文献 (65)

返回顶部

目录

/

返回文章
返回

Copyright © 2019 中国科学院生态环境研究中心