2016年12月沈阳地区一次持续性重污染天气成因机制分析
Analysis of the mechanism of a heavy pollution in December 2016 at Shenyang
-
摘要: 2016年12月13—22日沈阳地区发生了一次持续性重污染天气过程，空气质量有5 d为重度污染.本文基于地面污染物浓度观测资料、颗粒物水溶性离子在线观测资料及同期高低空气象探测数据，分析了此次污染过程的主要原因及特征.结果表明，重污染过程前期（13—15日）和后期（18—21日）受不同天气系统影响，污染物来源有所不同.污染前期主要受大尺度高压系统的影响，大气环流为经向环流.地面弱风、气温骤降以及逆温层的存在导致大气扩散条件较差，使污染物不断积累；同时较高的相对湿度导致二次污染物的生成增加.污染后期地面受长白山局地小高压的持续影响以及高空弱低压的控制，大气环流为纬向环流.暖湿气流使得温度和湿度逐渐增加，大气氧化性增强，边界层内较弱的风速和风切变以及持续存在的深厚逆温层导致重污染天气的持续.从颗粒物水溶性离子浓度的变化看出，重污染前期主要受燃煤的影响，后期受机动车尾气排放和燃煤排放的共同影响.Abstract: A continuous heavy pollution weather process occurred in Shenyang from December 13 to 22, 2016, air quality was heavily polluted for five days. This paper analyzed this heavy pollution process based on the pollutant observation data, particulate pollutants water-soluble ion online data and the meteorological data in the same period at Shenyang. The results indicated that the heavy pollution process was affected by different weather systems in the early (12/13—12/15) and late (12/18—12/21) stages, and the sources of pollutants were different due to different weather systems. The early stage of the heavy pollution was mainly affected by the large scale high pressure system, and the atmospheric meridional expressed as circulation. The existence of small surface wind speed, the rapid cooling and the temperature inversion layer caused worse atmospheric diffusion transport conditions, which leaded to the accumulation of pollutants. At the same time, the higher relative humidity leaded to the increase of the secondary pollutants. The late stage of the heavy pollution was mainly affected continuously by the local small high Pressure from Changbaishan near ground and weak low pressure control in the high altitude, the atmospheric circulation was zonal. The warm moist air made the temperature and humidity keep rising, weak wind speed and wind shear and persistent deep inversion layer in the boundary layer leaded to the persistence of heavily polluted weather. From the change of ion concentration, the pollution was mainly affected by coal combusting in the early stage, while the coal emission and vehicle exhaust emission were the mainly impact factor in the later stage.
-
Key words:
- persistent heavy pollution /
- formation mechanism /
- boundary layer structure /
- Shenyang
-
-
[1] 张人禾,李强,张若楠.2013年1月中国东部持续性强雾霾天气产生的气象条件分析[J].中国科学:地球科学, 2014,44(1):27-36. ZHANG R H, LI Q, ZHANG R N. Meteorological conditions for the persistent severe fog and haze event over eastern China in January 2013[J]. Science China:Earth Sciences, 2014,44(1):27-36(in Chinese).
[2] 皮冬勤,陈焕盛,魏巍,等.京津冀一次重污染过程的成因和来源[J].中国环境科学,2019,39(5):1899-1908. PI D Q,CHEN H S,WEI W,etal.The causes and sources of a heavy-polluted event in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region[J]. China Environmental Science. 2019,39(5):1899-1908(in Chinese).
[3] 徐冉,张恒德,杨孝文,等.北京地区秋冬季大气污染特征及成因分析[J].环境科学, 2019,40(8):3405-3414. XU R,ZHANG H D,YANG X W, et al. Concentration characteristics of PM2.5 and the causes of heavy air pollution events in Beijing during autumn and winter[J]. Environmental Science,2019,40(8):3405-3414(in Chinese).
[4] 高庆先,李亮,马占云,等.2013-2016年天气形势对北京秋季空气重污染过程的影响[J].环境科学研,2017,30(2):173-183. GAO Q X, LI L,MA Z Y,et al.The impacts of synoptic situation on heavy pollution process in autumn in Beijing during 2013-2016[J]. Research of Environmental Sciences,2017,30(2):173-183(in Chinese).
[5] 陈静,钤伟妙,韩军彩,等.石家庄市秋季典型天气背景下重污染特征分析[J].气象与环境学报,2015,31(4):42-50. CHEN J,QIAN W M,HAN J C,et al. Pollution characteristic under typical weather background in autumn over Shijiazhuang[J].Journal of Meteorology and Environment,2015,31(4):42-50(in Chinese).
[6] 周兆媛,张时煌,高庆先,等.京津冀地区气象要素对空气质量的影响及未来变化趋势分析[J].资源科学, 2014,36(1):191-199. ZHOU Z Y, ZHANG S H, GAO Q X, et al. The impact of meteorological factors on air quality in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region and trend analysis[J]. Resources Science, 2014,36(1):191-199(in Chinese).
[7] JI D S, WANG Y S, WANG L L, et al. Analysis of heavy pollutionepisodes in selected cities of northern China[J]. Atmospheric Environment, 2012, 50:338-348. [8] WANG Y S, YAO L, WANG L L, et al. Mechanism for the formation of the January 2013 heavy haze pollution episode over central and eastern China[J]. Science China Earth Sciences, 2014, 57(1):14-25. [9] 杨静,武疆艳,李霞,等.乌鲁木齐冬季大气边界层结构特征及其对大气污染的影响[J].干旱区研究,2011,28(4):717-723. YANG J,WU J Y,LI X,et al. Analysis on atmospheric boundary layer structure and its effect on air pollution over Urumqi city in winter[J]. Arid Zone Research,2011,28(4):717-723(in Chinese).
[10] 缪育聪,郑亦佳,王姝,等.京津冀地区霾成因机制研究进展与展望[J].气候与环境研究,2015, 20(3):356-368. MIAO Y C, ZHENG Y J, WANG S,et al. Recent advances in, and future prospects of, research on haze formation over Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei, China[J]. Climatic and Environmental Research,2015, 20(3):356-368(in Chinese).
[11] 孙业乐.城市边界层理化结构与大气污染形成机制研究进展[J].科学通报,2018,63(14):1375-1389. SUN Y L. Vertical structures of physical and chemical properties of urban boundary layer and formation mechanisms of atmospheric pollution[J]. Chin Sci Bull, 2018, 63(14):1375-1389(in Chinese).
[12] 王耀庭,李威,张小玲,等.北京城区夏季静稳天气下大气边界层与大气污染的关系[J].环境科学研究,2012,25(10):1092-1098. WANG Y T,LI W,ZHANG X L, et al. Relationship between atmospheric boundary layer and air pollution in summer stable weather in the Beijing urban area[J]. Research of Environmental Sciences,2012,25(10):1092-1098(in Chinese).
[13] ZHANG W C,ZHANG Y,LV Y, et al. Observation of atmospheric boundary layer height by ground-based LiDAR during haze days[J].Journal of Remote Sensing, 2013,17(4):981-992. [14] XIA D, FAN S J, LIAO Z H. Characteristics of boundary layer and its effects on atmospheric aerosol effects on atmospheric aerosol concentrations in Dongguan,Guangdong[J]. Journal of Tropical Meteorology, 2016,22(1):83-93. [15] 马雁军.辽宁中部城市群大气污染分布及其调控原理[M].北京:气象出版社,2007. MA Y J. Air pollution distribution and its regulatory principle in the central multi-cities of Liaoning[M]. Beijing:Meteorological Press,2007(in Chinese). [16] LI X L, HU X M, MA Y J, et al. Impact of planetary boundary layer structure on the formation and evolution of air-pollution episodes in Shenyang, Northeast China[J]. Atmospheric Environment, 2019,214:116850. [17] LI X L, MA Y J, WANG Y F, et al. Temporal and spatial analyses of particulate matter (PM10 and PM2.5) and its relationship with meteorological parameters over an urban city in northeast China[J]. Atmospheric Research, 2017, 198:185-193. [18] LI X L, WANG Y F,ZHAO H J, et al. Characteristics of pollutants and boundary layer structure during two haze events in summer and autumn 2014 in Shenyang, Northeast China[J]. Aerosol and Air Quality Research, 2018, 18(2):386-396. [19] YAO X H,CHAN C K,FANG M,et al.The water-soluble ionic composition of PM2.5 in Shanghai and Beijing,China[J].Atmospheric Environment,2002,36(26):4223-4234. [20] 李慧,张敬,王涵,等.银川市冬季PM2.5 重污染特征、来源与成因分析[J].环境科学研究,2019,33(2):289-295. LI H,ZHANG J,WANG H, et al. Pollution characteristics and source analysis of PM2.5 in Yinchuan during winter[J]. Research of Environmental Sciences, 2019,33(2):289-295(in Chinese).
[21] HUANG R J, ZHANG Y, BOZZETTI C, et al. High secondary aerosol contribution to particulate pollution during haze events in China[J].Nature, 2014,514(7521):218-222. [22] 王明星.大气化学(第二版)[M]. 北京:气象出版社,1999. WANG M X. Atmospheric chemistry(Second edition)[M]. Beijing:Meteorological Press,1999(in Chinese). [23] 张宇静,赵天良,殷翀之,等.徐州市大气PM2.5与O3作用关系的季节变化[J].中国环境科学,2019,39(6):2267-2272. ZHANG Y J, ZHAO T L, YING C Z,et al. Seasonal variation of the relationship between surface PM2.5 and O3 concentrations in Xuzhou[J]. China Environmental Science, 2019,39(6):2267-2272(in Chinese).
[24] 林昕,曹芳,翟晓瑶,等.中国典型城市冬季大气细颗粒物水溶性离子特征及来源分析[J].生态环境学报,2019,28(2):307-315. LIN X, CAO F, ZHAI X, et al. Characterization and Sources of Water Soluble Inorganic Ions in PM2.5 in winter in typical cities of China[J]. Ecology and Environmental Sciences, 2019,28(2):307-315(in Chinese).
-
点击查看大图
计量
- 文章访问数: 1655
- HTML全文浏览数: 1655
- PDF下载数: 40
- 施引文献: 0
下载:
