三峡库区消落带紫色潮土结合态氮转化过程
Transformation process of purple alluvial soil combined nitrogen in water level fluctuation zone of the Three Gorges Reservoir Area
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摘要: 消落带土壤结合态氮转化过程是影响其向周边水体释放的重要因素.为此，以三峡库区消落带紫色潮土为研究对象，采用实验室模拟培养的方法探讨了这一科学问题.结果表明，好氧和厌氧培养0-3 d，土壤离子交换态氮（IEF-N）含量分别增加20.85 mg·kg-1和28.78 mg·kg-1；铁锰氧化物结合态氮（IMOF-N）含量分别减少30.04 mg·kg-1和31.49 mg·kg-1；有机及硫化物结合态氮（OSF-N）含量分别减少84.63 mg·kg-1和95.38 mg·kg-1.好氧和厌氧培养期间IMOF-N和OSF-N含量均与IEF-N含量极显著负相关.好氧和厌氧培养0-3 d，IMOF-N和OSF-N部分（低于25%）转化为IEF-N.与其它时期相比，落干和淹水后0-3 d，消落带紫色潮土氮素释放风险更大.研究结果有助于准确评估消落带土壤氮素向三峡水库释放的风险.Abstract: The transformation process of soil combined nitrogen (N) is an essential factor, which affects N release from the soil of water level fluctuation (WLF) zone to the surrounding water body. Therefore, purple alluvial soils in the WLF zone of Three Gorges Reservoir Area were collected for the discussion of the above scientific problem in an incubation experiment. The results showed that during aerobic and anaerobic incubation of 0-3 days, soil N of ion-exchangeable form (IEF-N) content increased by 20.85 mg·kg-1 and 28.78 mg·kg-1, respectively. Meanwhile, soil N of iron-manganese oxides form (IMOF-N) content decreased by 30.04 mg·kg-1 and 31.49 mg·kg-1, respectively; Soil N of organic matter-sulfide form (OSF-N) content decreased by 84.63 mg·kg-1 and 95.38 mg·kg-1, respectively. Besides, IMOF-N and OSF-N content significantly correlated with IEF-N content during aerobic and anaerobic incubation. In summary, IMOF-N and OSF-N partly (lower than 25%) transformed to IEF-N during aerobic and anaerobic incubation of 0-3 days. Thus, compared with the other period, the N release risk in purple alluvial soil was much higher during the dry and flooding periods of 0-3 days in the WLF zone. The results were helpful for accurately assessing the risk of N release from the soil of WLF zone to the Three Gorges Reservoir.
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