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基于流域沉积物氮磷形态的生态风险评价——以沙溪流域为例

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叶宏萌, 杨浩, 袁旭音, 曾榕平, 吴孟兰, 王红. 基于流域沉积物氮磷形态的生态风险评价——以沙溪流域为例[J]. 环境化学, 2020, (12): 3471-3479. doi: 10.7524/j.issn.0254-6108.2019111802
引用本文: 叶宏萌, 杨浩, 袁旭音, 曾榕平, 吴孟兰, 王红. 基于流域沉积物氮磷形态的生态风险评价——以沙溪流域为例[J]. 环境化学, 2020, (12): 3471-3479. doi: 10.7524/j.issn.0254-6108.2019111802
shu
YE Hongmeng, YANG Hao, YUAN Xuyin, ZENG Rongping, WU Menglan, WANG Hong. Ecological risk assessment based on nitrogen and phosphorus forms in watershed sediments:A case study of the Shaxi Watershed,Fujian[J]. Environmental Chemistry, 2020, (12): 3471-3479. doi: 10.7524/j.issn.0254-6108.2019111802
Citation: YE Hongmeng, YANG Hao, YUAN Xuyin, ZENG Rongping, WU Menglan, WANG Hong. Ecological risk assessment based on nitrogen and phosphorus forms in watershed sediments:A case study of the Shaxi Watershed,Fujian[J]. Environmental Chemistry, 2020, (12): 3471-3479. doi: 10.7524/j.issn.0254-6108.2019111802
shu

基于流域沉积物氮磷形态的生态风险评价——以沙溪流域为例

  • 1. 南京师范大学地理科学学院, 南京, 210023;

  • 2. 福建省生态产业绿色技术重点实验室, 武夷学院生态与资源工程学院, 武夷山, 354300;

  • 3. 河海大学环境学院, 南京, 210098;

  • 4. 南京师范大学环境学院, 南京, 210023

    • 通讯作者: 袁旭音, E-mail: yxy_hjy@hhu.edu.cn ;  王红, E-mail: hongwang@njnu.edu.cn
  • 基金项目:

    国家自然科学基金（41372354，41673108），中国博士后科学基金（2019M661874），福建省教育厅A类科技项目（JAT170591）和武夷学院引进人才科研启动项目（YJ201908，YJ201912）资助.

Ecological risk assessment based on nitrogen and phosphorus forms in watershed sediments:A case study of the Shaxi Watershed,Fujian

  • 1. School of Geography Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, China;

  • 2. School of Ecology and Resource Engineering, Wuyi University, Wuyishan, 354300, China;

  • 3. College of Environmental, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China;

  • 4. School of Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, China

    • Corresponding authors: YUAN Xuyin, yxy_hjy@hhu.edu.cn ;  WANG Hong, hongwang@njnu.edu.cn
  • Fund Project: Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (41372354, 41673108), General Program of China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2019M661874), A Project of Fujian Provincial Department of Education (JAT170591) and Research and Start-Up Project of Talent Introduction of Wuyi University (YJ201908, YJ201912).

  • 摘要: 本文通过分析沙溪流域沉积物基本理化性质及氮磷形态的赋存特征，并运用单因子指数法与生物有效系数法评价氮磷元素的生态风险，揭示了沙溪流域沉积物氮磷含量的空间变化与环境意义.研究结果表明，沙溪流域沉积物总有机碳（TOC）、总氮（TN）和总磷（TP）的含量范围分别为1.11%—2.37%、812.51—2038.29 mg·kg-1、249.87—722.60 mg·kg-1，且下游河段较上、中游河段高；沉积物不同形态组分分布规律为有机硫化物结合态氮（SOEF-N） > 铁锰氧化态氮（SAEF-N） > 弱酸浸取态氮（WAEF-N） > 离子交换态氮（IEF-N），不同无机磷形态含量大小顺序主要为金属氧化物结合态磷（NaOH-P）>钙结合态磷（HCl-P）>还原态磷（BD-P）>弱吸附态磷（NH4Cl-P），且下游生物有效态磷（BAP=NH4Cl-P+BD-P+NaOH-P）的浓度高于上、中游河段，磷释放的风险最大.单因子污染指数评价结果表明，氮存在轻度至重度的污染，并以中度污染为主，磷以轻度和中度污染为主；而生物有效指数法的评价结果显示氮以轻度污染为主，磷以清洁和轻度污染为主.考虑到研究区的环境状况特征，基于总量和形态综合评价的氮磷生物有效指数法可以更好地表征沉积物中氮磷的空间变化和生态风险.
    Abstract: Based on the analysis of the physical and chemical properties of sediment and the distribution characteristics of nitrogen and phosphorus forms in Shaxi watershed, Fujian, we evaluated the ecological risks of nitrogen and phosphorus nutrients by the single factor index method and the bio-effective coefficient method, so as to reveal the spatial variation of nitrogen and phosphorus content in sediment and its environmental significance. The contents of TOC, TN and TP in sediment of Shaxi watershed showed 1.11%—2.37%, 812.51—2038.29 mg·kg-1 and 249.87—722.60 mg·kg-1, respectively. These nutrients in the lower reaches is higher than those in the upper and the middle reaches. In addition, the distribution characteristics of different nitrogen fractions showed organic sulfide bound nitrogen (SOEF-N) > iron-manganese oxidized nitrogen (SAEF-N) > weak acid leached nitrogen (WAEF-N) > ion exchange nitrogen (IEF-N). And the order of different inorganic phosphorus forms followed as metal oxide bound phosphorus (NaOH-P) > calcium bound phosphorus (HCl-P) > reduced phosphorus (BD-P) > weakly adsorbed phosphorus (NH4Cl-P), and the concentrations of biologically available phosphorus (BAP=NH4Cl-P+BD-P+NaOH-P) in the downstream sediments are higher than those in the upper and the middle reaches. The results of single factor pollution index evaluation showed that nitrogen exhibited a moderate to severe pollution with a dominant moderate pollution. Phosphorus exhibited slightly and moderately pollution; Meanwhile, the evaluation results of the bio-effective index method showed that nitrogen was a mainly lightly pollution, while phosphorus was a mainly clean and lightly pollution. Considering the environmental characteristics of this study area, we think the nitrogen and phosphorus bioavailable index method based on the comprehensive evaluation of total content and form can better characterize the spatial changes and ecological risks of nitrogen and phosphorus in watershed sediments.
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  • 收稿日期:  2019-11-18
叶宏萌, 杨浩, 袁旭音, 曾榕平, 吴孟兰, 王红. 基于流域沉积物氮磷形态的生态风险评价——以沙溪流域为例[J]. 环境化学, 2020, (12): 3471-3479. doi: 10.7524/j.issn.0254-6108.2019111802
引用本文: 叶宏萌, 杨浩, 袁旭音, 曾榕平, 吴孟兰, 王红. 基于流域沉积物氮磷形态的生态风险评价——以沙溪流域为例[J]. 环境化学, 2020, (12): 3471-3479. doi: 10.7524/j.issn.0254-6108.2019111802
shu
YE Hongmeng, YANG Hao, YUAN Xuyin, ZENG Rongping, WU Menglan, WANG Hong. Ecological risk assessment based on nitrogen and phosphorus forms in watershed sediments:A case study of the Shaxi Watershed,Fujian[J]. Environmental Chemistry, 2020, (12): 3471-3479. doi: 10.7524/j.issn.0254-6108.2019111802
Citation: YE Hongmeng, YANG Hao, YUAN Xuyin, ZENG Rongping, WU Menglan, WANG Hong. Ecological risk assessment based on nitrogen and phosphorus forms in watershed sediments:A case study of the Shaxi Watershed,Fujian[J]. Environmental Chemistry, 2020, (12): 3471-3479. doi: 10.7524/j.issn.0254-6108.2019111802
shu

基于流域沉积物氮磷形态的生态风险评价——以沙溪流域为例

    通讯作者: 袁旭音, E-mail: yxy_hjy@hhu.edu.cn ;  王红, E-mail: hongwang@njnu.edu.cn
  • 1. 南京师范大学地理科学学院, 南京, 210023;
  • 2. 福建省生态产业绿色技术重点实验室, 武夷学院生态与资源工程学院, 武夷山, 354300;
  • 3. 河海大学环境学院, 南京, 210098;
  • 4. 南京师范大学环境学院, 南京, 210023
  • 收稿日期:  2019-11-18
基金项目:

国家自然科学基金（41372354，41673108），中国博士后科学基金（2019M661874），福建省教育厅A类科技项目（JAT170591）和武夷学院引进人才科研启动项目（YJ201908，YJ201912）资助.

摘要: 本文通过分析沙溪流域沉积物基本理化性质及氮磷形态的赋存特征，并运用单因子指数法与生物有效系数法评价氮磷元素的生态风险，揭示了沙溪流域沉积物氮磷含量的空间变化与环境意义.研究结果表明，沙溪流域沉积物总有机碳（TOC）、总氮（TN）和总磷（TP）的含量范围分别为1.11%—2.37%、812.51—2038.29 mg·kg-1、249.87—722.60 mg·kg-1，且下游河段较上、中游河段高；沉积物不同形态组分分布规律为有机硫化物结合态氮（SOEF-N） > 铁锰氧化态氮（SAEF-N） > 弱酸浸取态氮（WAEF-N） > 离子交换态氮（IEF-N），不同无机磷形态含量大小顺序主要为金属氧化物结合态磷（NaOH-P）>钙结合态磷（HCl-P）>还原态磷（BD-P）>弱吸附态磷（NH4Cl-P），且下游生物有效态磷（BAP=NH4Cl-P+BD-P+NaOH-P）的浓度高于上、中游河段，磷释放的风险最大.单因子污染指数评价结果表明，氮存在轻度至重度的污染，并以中度污染为主，磷以轻度和中度污染为主；而生物有效指数法的评价结果显示氮以轻度污染为主，磷以清洁和轻度污染为主.考虑到研究区的环境状况特征，基于总量和形态综合评价的氮磷生物有效指数法可以更好地表征沉积物中氮磷的空间变化和生态风险.

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