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李昂臻, 陈思旭, 李海燕, 侯伟, 王明泉, 李宁. 北方某省会城市主要水库富营养化程度、特征和防治对策[J]. 环境化学, 2020, (9): 2529-2539. doi: 10.7524/j.issn.0254-6108.2020040902
引用本文: 李昂臻, 陈思旭, 李海燕, 侯伟, 王明泉, 李宁. 北方某省会城市主要水库富营养化程度、特征和防治对策[J]. 环境化学, 2020, (9): 2529-2539. doi: 10.7524/j.issn.0254-6108.2020040902
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LI Angzhen, CHEN Sixu, LI Haiyan, HOU Wei, WANG Mingquan, LI Ning. Characteristics and evaluation of eutrophication in major reservoirs of a northern city in China[J]. Environmental Chemistry, 2020, (9): 2529-2539. doi: 10.7524/j.issn.0254-6108.2020040902
Citation: LI Angzhen, CHEN Sixu, LI Haiyan, HOU Wei, WANG Mingquan, LI Ning. Characteristics and evaluation of eutrophication in major reservoirs of a northern city in China[J]. Environmental Chemistry, 2020, (9): 2529-2539. doi: 10.7524/j.issn.0254-6108.2020040902
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北方某省会城市主要水库富营养化程度、特征和防治对策

  • 1. 中国城市规划设计研究院, 北京, 100037;

  • 2. 北京建筑大学北京市可持续排水系统构建与 风险防控工程技术研究中心, 北京, 100044;

  • 3. 山东省城市供排水水质监测中心, 济南, 251010

    • 通讯作者: 李昂臻, E-mail: liangzhen403@sina.com ; 
  • 基金项目:

    国家自然科学基金（51808512）资助.

Characteristics and evaluation of eutrophication in major reservoirs of a northern city in China

  • 1. China Academy of Urban Planning and Design, Beijing, 100037, China;

  • 2. Beijing Engineering Research Center of Sustainable Urban Sewage System Construction and Risk Control, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing, 100044, China;

  • 3. Urban Water Monitoring Centre of Shandong Province, Jinan, 251010, China

    • Corresponding author: LI Angzhen, liangzhen403@sina.com ; 
  • Fund Project: Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (51808512).

  • 摘要: 2014—2018年，对北方某省会城市卧虎山、锦绣川、鹊山和玉清湖水库水进行采样分析，分析研究水质的时空分布特征.采用综合营养状态指数法评价叶绿素a、总氮、总磷和高锰酸钾指数等参数的年均和月均变化，反映4个水库的富营养化程度.此外，通过SPSS的双变量分析方法，用等级相关系数来探讨富营养化因子间的相关关系.结果表明，4座水库的总氮均值超过了《地表水环境质量标准》（GB3838—2002）Ⅴ类水体限值.4座水库中卧虎山水库的水质状况最差，富营养化程度最高，尤其是藻类计数值和叶绿素a的浓度显著高于其它水库，卧虎山水库多处于轻-中富营养化状态，其它3座水库大多为中营养状态.同一座水库不同年份间的综合营养状态指数季节变化大多一致，呈现较为显著的季节特征，4座水库一般来说夏、秋季营养状态高于冬季和春季.4座水库的富营养化因子所占权重不同，结合富营养化因子间的相关关系分析结果，玉清湖水库和鹊山水库中总氮和叶绿素a对营养状态指数的贡献最大，卧虎山水库和锦绣川水库中叶绿素a和高锰酸钾对营养状态指数的贡献最大.对已经存在富营养化问题的卧虎山水库，应采取综合治理措施，包括出台饮用水水源地保护法规，完善水库周边的截污治污设施，鼓励发展生态农业以及生态旅游业，削减污染；采用建立生态浮床、人工湿地系统等生态修复的方法，控制藻类生长，不断改善水库水质.对尚未形成富营养化的锦绣川、鹊山和玉清湖水库，应以预防和管控为主，建立水库水环境保护长效机制，确保研究区域的供水水源安全.
    Abstract: From 2014 to 2018, the spatial and temporal variation characteristics of the water samples from Wohushan, Jinxiuchuan, Queshan, and Yuqing reservoirs in a northern provincial capital city were analyzed. The annual and monthly changes of chlorophyl a (Chla), total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP), and index of permanganate (CODMn) were evaluated using the comprehensive eutrophication state index method, reflecting the eutrophication trends of the four reservoirs. In addition, the correlations between water quality factors were analyzed by using the two-variable method of SPSS. The results showed that the average total nitrogen of the four reservoirs exceeded the Level V of Standard for Surface Water (GB3838—2002). The water quality of Wohushan Reservoir was relatively worse than the other three reservoirs, especially the algae count and the concentration of Chla were significantly higher than other reservoirs. The trophic level index (TLI) in Wohushan Reservoir was significantly higher than that in other three reservoirs, which was in a mild-meso eutrophic state, while Jinxiuchuan, Queshan and Yuqing reservoirs were mesotrophic aquatic systems. The seasonal changes of TLI in the same reservoir during those years were mostly similar, showing relatively significant seasonal characteristics. Generally speaking, the TLI of the four reservoirs was higher in summer and autumn than in winter and spring. The eutrophic factors of the four reservoirs showed different weights. Combined with the analysis of the correlation between the eutrophic factors, the TN and Chla in Yuqing Reservoir and Queshan were main contributors to TLI calculation, while the Chla and CODMn in the Wohushan Reservoir and Jinxiuchuan were main contributors to TLI calculation. For Wohushan Reservoir where eutrophication already occurred, comprehensive management measures should be taken to improve the water quality of the reservoir, including the development of eco-agriculture and eco-tourism, reduction of endogenous and exogenous pollution, the removal of algae, and the use of ecological restoration methods such as artificial wetland systems. For Jinxiuchuan, Queshan and Yuqing reservoirs that have not yet formed eutrophication, prevention and control should be the main focus to ensure the safety of water supply sources in the study area.
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  • 收稿日期:  2020-04-09
李昂臻, 陈思旭, 李海燕, 侯伟, 王明泉, 李宁. 北方某省会城市主要水库富营养化程度、特征和防治对策[J]. 环境化学, 2020, (9): 2529-2539. doi: 10.7524/j.issn.0254-6108.2020040902
引用本文: 李昂臻, 陈思旭, 李海燕, 侯伟, 王明泉, 李宁. 北方某省会城市主要水库富营养化程度、特征和防治对策[J]. 环境化学, 2020, (9): 2529-2539. doi: 10.7524/j.issn.0254-6108.2020040902
shu
LI Angzhen, CHEN Sixu, LI Haiyan, HOU Wei, WANG Mingquan, LI Ning. Characteristics and evaluation of eutrophication in major reservoirs of a northern city in China[J]. Environmental Chemistry, 2020, (9): 2529-2539. doi: 10.7524/j.issn.0254-6108.2020040902
Citation: LI Angzhen, CHEN Sixu, LI Haiyan, HOU Wei, WANG Mingquan, LI Ning. Characteristics and evaluation of eutrophication in major reservoirs of a northern city in China[J]. Environmental Chemistry, 2020, (9): 2529-2539. doi: 10.7524/j.issn.0254-6108.2020040902
shu

北方某省会城市主要水库富营养化程度、特征和防治对策

    通讯作者: 李昂臻, E-mail: liangzhen403@sina.com ; 
  • 1. 中国城市规划设计研究院, 北京, 100037;
  • 2. 北京建筑大学北京市可持续排水系统构建与 风险防控工程技术研究中心, 北京, 100044;
  • 3. 山东省城市供排水水质监测中心, 济南, 251010
  • 收稿日期:  2020-04-09
基金项目:

国家自然科学基金（51808512）资助.

摘要: 2014—2018年，对北方某省会城市卧虎山、锦绣川、鹊山和玉清湖水库水进行采样分析，分析研究水质的时空分布特征.采用综合营养状态指数法评价叶绿素a、总氮、总磷和高锰酸钾指数等参数的年均和月均变化，反映4个水库的富营养化程度.此外，通过SPSS的双变量分析方法，用等级相关系数来探讨富营养化因子间的相关关系.结果表明，4座水库的总氮均值超过了《地表水环境质量标准》（GB3838—2002）Ⅴ类水体限值.4座水库中卧虎山水库的水质状况最差，富营养化程度最高，尤其是藻类计数值和叶绿素a的浓度显著高于其它水库，卧虎山水库多处于轻-中富营养化状态，其它3座水库大多为中营养状态.同一座水库不同年份间的综合营养状态指数季节变化大多一致，呈现较为显著的季节特征，4座水库一般来说夏、秋季营养状态高于冬季和春季.4座水库的富营养化因子所占权重不同，结合富营养化因子间的相关关系分析结果，玉清湖水库和鹊山水库中总氮和叶绿素a对营养状态指数的贡献最大，卧虎山水库和锦绣川水库中叶绿素a和高锰酸钾对营养状态指数的贡献最大.对已经存在富营养化问题的卧虎山水库，应采取综合治理措施，包括出台饮用水水源地保护法规，完善水库周边的截污治污设施，鼓励发展生态农业以及生态旅游业，削减污染；采用建立生态浮床、人工湿地系统等生态修复的方法，控制藻类生长，不断改善水库水质.对尚未形成富营养化的锦绣川、鹊山和玉清湖水库，应以预防和管控为主，建立水库水环境保护长效机制，确保研究区域的供水水源安全.

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