废水流化床结晶除磷工况优化及效能稳定性
Efficiency stability and operating conditions optimization of phosphorus removal by crystallization in wastewater fluidized bed reactor
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摘要: 采用流化床结晶除磷反应器处理模拟A2/O工艺厌氧池富磷上清液，通过单因素试验筛选出关键影响因子的最优工况为初始pH 10，Mg/P=1：1.2，HRT30 min，此时除磷率可达90%.进而开展流化床反应器除磷效能稳定性研究，发现最优工况下反应器前期除磷率较高，最高至97.6%，但反应第3 d后流化床反应器内出现混合液浑浊、结晶上浮、除磷率下降的情况.进一步对比了HRT为30 min及60 min时反应器结晶除磷效能稳定性，结果表明，HRT的延长有助于除磷稳定性的提高，当HRT为60 min时，反应器运行第4 d，整体除磷率仍大于96%，剩余磷浓度稳定在2.1 mg·L-1左右，反应器内结晶稳定且饱满，上清液清澈，出水水质好；XRD、SEM-EDS分析结果表明，当HRT为30 min和60 min时结晶产物均为磷酸铵镁，但HRT60 min时晶体结构更明显、体积较大、分布更均匀，产量较高，有利于磷结晶回收.Abstract: A fluidized bed reactor for phosphorus removal by crystallization was used to treat simulated phosphorus-rich supernatant from A2/O anaerobic tank. Through single factor test, the operating key factors influencing phosphorus removal were optimized. Namely, optimized conditions were initial pH 10, Mg/P of 1:1.2, and HRT of 30 min. Under the optimal condition, the phosphorus removal rate of fluidized bed reactor could reach 90%. On this basis, further study was conducted to reveal the stability of phosphorus removal efficiency. When HRT was 30 min, the phosphorus removal efficiency was high in the first three days, which could be up to 97.6%. As reaction time was prolonged, some undesirable phenomena, such as mixed liquor becoming turbid, crystal floating upward and phosphorus removal rate decreasing, were discovered. So the stability of phosphorus removal efficiency under HRT of 30 min and of 60 min was compared furtherly. The results indicated that the extending of HRT was contribute to stability of phosphorus removal. When HRT was 60 minutes, the phosphorus removal rate was held on to 96% and the remaining phosphorus concentration was about 2.1 mg·L-1 after four days operation. It was also observed that the crystal in the fluidized bed reactor was stable and full, the upper effluent was clear and the effluent quality was excellent. It was illustrated that the crystalline products under HRT of 30 min and of 60 min were all magnesium ammonium phosphate(MAP) by XRD、SEM-EDS analyzing. By contrast, the crystalline product under HRT of 60 min was revealed to be of more obvious crystal structure, bigger volume, more uniform distribution, higher yield, and easier recycle than crystal generated under HRT of 30 min.
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