PFOA和PFOS替代品的环境污染及毒性研究进展
Research Progress on Environmental Pollution and Toxicity of PFOA and PFOS Alternatives
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摘要: 全氟辛酸(perfluorooctanoic acid, PFOA)和全氟辛烷磺酸(perfluorooctane sulfonate, PFOS)是2种备受关注的持久性有机污染物，具有生物积累性和生物毒性，危害生态环境和人类健康。近年来，世界范围内严格管控PFOA和PFOS，导致PFOA和PFOS替代品在工业生产中大量使用。研究表明，PFOA和PFOS替代品在各环境介质中普遍存在，但其安全风险尚未充分研究。本文概括了近年来较受关注的几类PFOA和PFOS替代品的来源与分布，综述了在大气、地表水、地下水和土壤中的污染现状，总结了替代品的毒性效应，并展望了在PFOA和PFOS替代品研究中有待解决的问题。
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关键词:
- PFOA和PFOS替代品 /
- 来源与分布 /
- 毒性效应 /
- 污染现状
Abstract: Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) are persistent organic pollutants known for their bioaccumulative and biotoxic properties, posing potential hazards to both ecological environments and human health. In recent years, stringent regulations on PFOA and PFOS worldwide have led to the widespread industrial use of their substitutes. Studies have indicated the widespread presence of these substitutes in various environmental media; however, their safety risks remain insufficiently explored. This review summarizes the pollution status of PFOA and PFOS alternatives in recent years, particularly in the atmosphere, surface water, groundwater, and soil. Additionally, it consolidates the toxic effects of several common new substitutes and provides an outlook on pending issues in the research of PFOA and PFOS alternatives.-
Key words:
- PFOA and PFOS alternatives /
- source and distribution /
- toxicity /
- pollution status
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