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氯丙醇酯是近年来发现的存在于婴幼儿配方奶粉中的一类新型污染物,其水解产物氯丙醇被证实具有致癌性、遗传毒性、肾脏毒性等。目前,食品中氯丙醇酯的检测对象主要集中在食用油中[1],常见的前处理技术包括:固相萃取、基质分散固相萃取、直接溶剂萃取、超声辅助提取等[2]. 目前,关于婴幼儿配方奶粉中氯丙醇酯的相关研究还不够深入。本文采用在提取出的脂肪中加入内标再进行前处理的做法,前处理结合固相萃取和基体分散净化技术,依次采用甲醇-甲醇/二氯甲烷(2:1, V:V) 作为提取溶剂,联合了C18小柱和中性氧化铝粉除油,通过一次前处理,实现了奶粉中不同类型氯丙醇酯的同步提取净化,并通过高效液相色谱-四极杆静电场轨道阱高分辨质谱 (HPLC-Q-Orbitrap-HRMS) 技术对该体系效果进行评价。
液相色谱-高分辨质谱快速测定奶粉中氯丙醇酯
Rapid determination of chloropropanol ester in milk powder by liquid chromatography-high-resolution mass spectrometry
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摘要: 通过优化提取和净化过程建立了奶粉中氯丙醇酯的分级提取净化体系,并通过高效液相色谱-四极杆静电场轨道阱高分辨质谱技术(HPLC-Q-Orbitrap-HRMS)对该体系效果进行评价。实验采用在提取出的脂肪中加入内标再进行前处理的做法,第一级采用甲醇振荡提取、C18固相萃取柱净化,可完成对缩水甘油酯和部分氯丙醇单酯的提取和净化工作,第二级采用甲醇提取,二氯甲烷辅助提取,中性氧化铝粉净化,去除油脂干扰的同时,可完成对氯丙醇双酯的提取与净化,通过合并第一、二级提取液,即可实现对奶粉中氯丙醇酯的高通量筛查,方法检出限为0.02 mg·kg−1,定量限为0.05 mg·kg−1,回收率≥80.6%,标准偏差低于10%,该方法对高蛋白、高脂肪的奶粉基质具有较强的适用性。
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关键词:
- 氯丙醇酯 /
- 高通量筛查 /
- 四极杆/静电场轨道阱高分辨质谱(Q-Orbitrap HRMS)
Abstract: A system of sequential extraction and purification coupled with UHPLC-Q-Orbitrap-HRMS detection applied to the analysis of chloropropanol ester with very different physicochemical properties in milk powder was established. The experiment added internal labeling to the extracted fat. In the first-stage of extraction, the glycidyl esters and partial chloropropanol monoesters were extracted with methanol and purified effectively by C18, in the second-stage of extraction, the chloropropanol diester were mainly extracted with methanol-dichloromethane and purified effectively by Alumina-N. The detection limit was 0.02 mg·kg−1, quantification limit was 0.05 mg·kg−1, the recoveries more than 80.6%, the standard deviation is less than 10%. The method has strong applicability for high protein, high fat milk powder matrix. -
表 1 在ESI+模式下的液相色谱洗脱梯度
Table 1. HPLC elution procedure in ESI+ ion modes
时间/ min 0 5 10 15 20 20.1 25 流动相A /% 100 100 50 0 0 100 100 流动相B/% 0 0 50 100 100 0 0 表 2 7种代表性氯丙醇酯在婴幼儿配方奶粉和特殊医学用途配方奶粉中的添加水平、线性范围及其回收率
Table 2. Experimental data on the spiked levels, linear range and recovery of 7 representative chlorpropanols esters in infant formula and special medical use formula
种类 化合物 加标水平/( mg·kg−1) 婴幼儿配方奶粉 特殊医学用途配方奶粉 相关系数 回收率/% 标准偏差/% 回收率/% 标准偏差/% 氯丙醇酯
Glycidol estersGlycidol-P 0.05 84.1 6.1 88.6 6.8 0.999 0.1 86.9 7.7 91.2 5.5 0.2 88.7 5.6 93.4 3.9 Glycidol-S 0.05 86.1 5.5 86.2 6.6 0.999 0.1 84.9 6.7 88.8 6.2 0.2 90.3 7.2 90.5 4.8 氯丙醇单酯
Chloropropanol monoesters2-S-3-MCPD 0.05 83.9 5.5 91.3 7.1 0.999 0.1 86.4 4.4 89.6 6.6 0.2 89.9 3.9 92.7 6.7 1-P-3-MCPD 0.05 90.6 7.8 89.3 6.9 0.999 0.1 91.8 5.5 93.5 5.0 0.2 94.2 5.0 94.2 4.4 氯丙醇双酯
Chloropropanol diesters1,2-diP-3-MCPD 0.05 88.7 7.1 82.6 5.1 0.999 0.1 89.1 6.3 88.6 6.4 0.2 88.4 4.3 88.0 4.7 1,3-diS-2-MCPD 0.05 83.7 5.5 82.7 6.3 0.999 0.1 85.4 6.1 86.9 6.6 0.2 89.9 3.9 88.4 5.4 1-P-2-S -3-MCPD 0.05 81.6 6.2 80.6 5.9 0.999 0.1 85.4 4.6 84.7 5.1 0.2 84.9 3.8 86.0 4.3 P: 棕榈酸palmitate, S:硬脂酸 stearate, MCPD: 氯丙醇 chloropropanediol. -
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