-
双酚A(bisphenol A,BPA)广泛应用于环氧树脂、聚碳酸酯和其他塑料制品生产过程,是一种典型的环境内分泌干扰物,具有一定的胚胎毒性和致畸性,可增加卵巢癌、前列腺癌、哮喘和白血病的风险[1]。BPA在污水处理厂中无法有效完全去除,因此将不可避免地进入到自然环境中,对人类健康和生态环境造成不利影响[2]。目前去除环境中BPA的方法有催化降解[3]、化学氧化[4]、膜处理[5]和吸附法[6]等。吸附法因为操作简单,吸附效率高、不易造成二次污染以及在环境中的使用持续稳定等优点而有着广泛的应用[7]。生物炭通常有较大的比表面积和丰富的活性位点,可以通过静电作用[8]、氢键作用[9]以及π-π相互作用[10]吸附污染物,因此可作为便捷高效的酚类物质吸附剂。
为提高生物炭的吸附性能,研究人员研究了众多生物炭活化的方法,主要包括物理改性(蒸汽活化[11]、紫外辐射[12]、球磨[13]等)、化学改性(酸改性[14]、碱改性[15]、金属氧化物改性[16]等)和生物改性[5]。膨化作为物理改性的一种方式,已经广泛用于三维可降解淀粉基材料的制备[17-18]。膨化的手段有多种,如激光、红外、微波、电流等[19]。其中微波法具有操作简单、加热速度快、可控性强、改性均匀、安全高效等优点[20],具有广阔发展前景。微波膨化法利用微波透入材料内部与极性分子相互作用,使材料内部温度迅速升高,体积增大[21];同时材料内适当的含水量,在高温下产生高压水汽,从而在材料中产生孔隙[22]。因此膨化后的材料内部具有蓬松的蜂窝状结构,具有质轻、高比表面积等优点。酸碱改性属于化学改性法,酸改性是磷酸或硝酸通过与碳结构相互作用,去除表面的挥发性物质[23],同时酸改性后生物炭表面的含氧官能团增加[24-25]。碱改性是使用氢氧化钠或氢氧化钾清除炭材料孔隙中的堵塞物,进而打开新的孔隙或扩展已有的孔隙来提高活性炭的比表面积或孔容[26]。Yu等采用了对玉米先膨化再碱活化的方法,制备出的活性炭有超高的比表面积(3291.01 m2·g−1),对罗丹明B的吸附量可达7765 mg·g−1[27]。但是缺少与未膨化材料的对比,且膨化过程在材料制备中所发挥作用也尚不明晰。而且在以往的研究中,并没有人探究将膨化和酸活化相结合的吸附效果。目前来看,膨化结合酸碱改性提高材料吸附性能的研究还是碎片化的,无法系统理解膨化结合酸碱改性对材料吸附性能的影响机制。
本研究选用玉米作为原材料,通过膨化及酸碱活化处理制备六种生物炭材料,研究其对BPA的吸附机制,重点探讨(1)膨化和酸碱活化处理对生物炭表面性质、元素组成、孔隙结构等特性的影响;(2)膨化和酸碱活化处理对生物炭吸附性能的影响机制。
膨化活性生物炭高效吸附双酚A的机理研究
Study on the efficient adsorption mechanism of bisphenol A by puffed biochar
-
摘要: 物理和化学改性方法会引起生物炭理化性质和微观结构的改变,从而影响其对污染物的吸附。通过对玉米粒进行微波膨化制备出膨化生物炭,再用氢氧化钠和磷酸分别对膨化生物炭进行改性制备膨化活性生物炭。利用SEM、BET、FT-IR和XRD等手段对生物炭材料进行表征。通过吸附试验探究了膨化和活化过程对生物炭吸附双酚A(BPA)的影响。结果发现,膨化后炭材料比表面积增大,吸附量增加。膨化结合酸活化的生物炭比表面积最大(856.34 m2·g−1),对双酚A的吸附量也最大(220.73 mg·g−1),吸附量较未经膨化和活化的生物炭提升了7倍。膨化结合碱活化的生物炭孔结构更加发达,平均孔径为6种材料中最大(2.25 nm)。Langmuir模型能够较好地拟合6种生物炭对BPA的吸附等温线,说明吸附过程以单层吸附为主。吸附位点能量分析表明,BPA在低浓度时优先占据碳材料表面的高能位点,高浓度时转为占据较低能量的位点。内扩散模型分析说明膨化和活化均能提高扩散过程速率。Abstract: The physicochemical properties and microstructure of biochar could be changed by physical and chemical modification, thus affecting the adsorption of pollutants. Puffed biochar was prepared by microwave puffing of corn kernels. Then the puffed biochar was modified with sodium hydroxide or phosphoric acid to prepare puffed activated biochar. The biochars were characterized by SEM, BET, FT-IR and XRD. The effects of puffing and activation processes on the adsorption of bisphenol A (BPA) by biochar were investigated via adsorption experiments. The results showed that the specific surface area (SSA) and the adsorption capacity of the puffed biochar increased. The SSA of puffed biochar combined with acid activation was the largest, reaching 856.34 m2·g−1, leading to the highest adsorption capacity of BPA, up to 220.73 mg·g−1, which was 7 times higher than that of the biochar derived from raw corn kernels. The pore structure of the puffed biochar combined with alkali activation was more developed and the average pore size is the largest of the six materials (2.25 nm). The adsorption isotherm was fitted better by Langmuir model than Freundlich model, which indicates the adsorption process was mainly monolayer absorption. Based on the site energy distribution analysis, it was found that BPA occupied the high-energy sites at lower concentration, and converted to occupying the low-energy sites at higher concentration. The intra-particle diffusion model shows that the diffusion rate could be increased by both puffing and acid or base modification.
-
Key words:
- puffed biochar /
- acid activation /
- base activation /
- bisphenol A /
- adsorption
-
表 1 BPA的性质
Table 1. Properties of BPA
表 2 六种炭材料的理化性质
Table 2. The characteristic of six kinds of carbon materials
材料
MaterialsC/%wt H/%wt O/%wt N/%wt H/C O/C (O+N)/C BET/(m2·g−1) 平均孔径/nm
Average pore size总孔容/(cm3·g−1)
Total pore volumeZeta电位/mV
Zeta potentialC 62.31 2.79 19.45 6.14 0.54 0.23 0.32 409 1.74 0.18 −18.76 P 51.82 2.89 24.65 6.66 0.67 0.36 0.47 475 1.74 0.21 −24.89 HC 57.85 3.43 33.26 7.65 0.71 0.43 0.54 856 1.72 0.37 −41.61 HP 48.63 2.96 34.05 5.52 0.73 0.53 0.62 848 1.65 0.35 −44.40 OHC 44.08 4.72 22.56 2.04 1.28 0.38 0.42 510 1.90 0.24 −31.89 OHP 42.81 6.59 22.47 1.13 1.85 0.39 0.42 623 2.25 0.35 −33.59 表 3 BPA吸附等温线Freundlich模型和Langmuir模型拟合参数
Table 3. Fitting parameters of BPA adsorption isotherm Freundlich model and Langmuir model
材料
MaterialsFreundlich模型 Langmuir模型 KF/(mg1−n·Ln·g−1) 1/n R2 Qm/(mg·g−1) KL/(L·mg−1) R2 C 5.38 0.46 0.83 32.93 0.11 0.87 P 12.20 0.33 0.93 42.09 0.22 0.98 HC 80.61 0.31 0.89 220.74 0.45 0.91 HP 81.64 0.27 0.98 187.44 0.69 0.96 OHC 43.62 0.28 0.84 111.80 0.51 0.95 OHP 68.26 0.24 0.82 138.88 1.24 0.88 表 4 BPA拟一级动力学模型、拟二级动力学模型及内扩散模型拟合参数
Table 4. Fitting parameters of BPA pseudo-first-order kinetic model, pseudo-second-order kinetic model and internal diffusion model
炭材料
Materials拟一级动力学模型
Pseudo-first-order kinetic model拟二级动力学模型
Pseudo-second-order kinetic model内扩散模型
Internal diffusion modelk1/h−1 Qe/(mg·g−1) R2 k2/
(g·(mg·min)−1)Qe/
(mg·g−1)R2 kd/
(mg·(g·h0.5)−1)C R2 C 8.14 16.92 0.1006 69.8 23.70 0.8357 3.44 16.75 0.085 P 3.85 26.50 0.5562 62.3 34.37 0.9280 10.62 12.17 0.6498 HC 3.33 183.85 0.8678 18.4 212.77 0.999 97.69 63.25 0.9644 HP 1.62 173.20 0.8252 8.9 208.34 0.9872 88.67 35.84 0.9662 OHC 1.32 98.87 0.9242 12.3 120.49 0.9914 56.94 9.65 0.9882 OHP 1.73 141.83 0.9709 12.4 166.67 0.9982 103.38 5.87 0.9702 -
[1] MPATANI F M, HAN R P, ARYEE A A, et al. Adsorption performance of modified agricultural waste materials for removal of emerging micro-contaminant bisphenol A: A comprehensive review [J]. Science of the Total Environment, 2021, 780: 146629. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.146629 [2] HERNÁNDEZ-ABREU A B, ÁLVAREZ-TORRELLAS S, ROCHA R P, et al. Effective adsorption of the endocrine disruptor compound bisphenol a from water on surface-modified carbon materials [J]. Applied Surface Science, 2021, 552: 149513. doi: 10.1016/j.apsusc.2021.149513 [3] MU C F, ZHANG Y, CUI W Q, et al. Removal of bisphenol A over a separation free 3D Ag3PO4-graphene hydrogel via an adsorption-photocatalysis synergy [J]. Applied Catalysis B:Environmental, 2017, 212: 41-49. doi: 10.1016/j.apcatb.2017.04.018 [4] 缪倩倩, 孟冠华, 刘宝河, 等. 铜氧化物/D851树脂催化臭氧氧化降解双酚A [J]. 环境工程学报, 2019, 13(7): 1557-1564. doi: 10.12030/j.cjee.201810039 MIAO Q Q, MENG G H, LIU B H, et al. Degradation of bisphenol A through catalytic ozonation process with copper oxide/D851 resin [J]. Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering, 2019, 13(7): 1557-1564(in Chinese). doi: 10.12030/j.cjee.201810039
[5] 郑华楠, 宋晴, 朱义, 等. 芦苇生物炭复合载体固定化微生物去除水中氨氮 [J]. 环境工程学报, 2019, 13(2): 310-318. doi: 10.12030/j.cjee.201807179 ZHENG H N, SONG Q, ZHU Y, et al. Removing ammonia nitrogen from wastewater by immobilized microorganism with reed biochar composite carrier [J]. Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering, 2019, 13(2): 310-318(in Chinese). doi: 10.12030/j.cjee.201807179
[6] 程亚, 张永志, 姚萱, 等. 催化氧化除锰活性滤料去除地下水中双酚A性能 [J]. 中国环境科学, 2021, 41(7): 3247-3254. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-6923.2021.07.028 CHENG Y, ZHANG Y Z, YAO X, et al. Study on the removal of bisphenol A from groundwater by active filter material with manganese removal ability by catalytic oxidation [J]. China Environmental Science, 2021, 41(7): 3247-3254(in Chinese). doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-6923.2021.07.028
[7] 张向阳, 于霄, 韩秀丽. 响应面法优化玉米芯基活性炭对双酚A的吸附性能研究 [J]. 化工新型材料, 2020, 48(4): 202-207. doi: 10.19817/j.cnki.issn1006-3536.2020.04.045 ZHANG X Y, YU X, HAN X L. Response surface methodology for optimization of BPA adsorption using AC prepared from corncob [J]. New Chemical Materials, 2020, 48(4): 202-207(in Chinese). doi: 10.19817/j.cnki.issn1006-3536.2020.04.045
[8] 南志江, 蒋煜峰, 毛欢欢, 等. 玉米秸秆生物炭对灰钙土吸附金霉素的影响[J]. 环境科学. 2021, 42(6): 5896-5904. NAN Z J, JIANG Y F, MAO H H, et al. Effect of corn stalk biochar on adsorption of aureomycin from lime lime soil[J]. Environmental Science. 2021, 42(06): 5896-5904 (in Chinese).
[9] CAO H L, WU X S, SYED-HASSAN S S A, et al. Characteristics and mechanisms of phosphorous adsorption by rape straw-derived biochar functionalized with calcium from eggshell [J]. Bioresource Technology, 2020, 318: 124063. doi: 10.1016/j.biortech.2020.124063 [10] SHIN J, KWAK J, LEE Y G, et al. Competitive adsorption of pharmaceuticals in lake water and wastewater effluent by pristine and NaOH-activated biochars from spent coffee wastes: Contribution of hydrophobic and π-π interactions [J]. Environmental Pollution, 2021, 270: 116244. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.116244 [11] RAJAPAKSHA A U, VITHANAGE M, AHMAD M, et al. Enhanced sulfamethazine removal by steam-activated invasive plant-derived biochar [J]. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2015, 290: 43-50. doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2015.02.046 [12] PENG Z Y, LIU X M, CHEN H K, et al. Characterization of ultraviolet-modified biochar from different feedstocks for enhanced removal of hexavalent chromium from water [J]. Water Science and Technology, 2019, 79(9): 1705-1716. doi: 10.2166/wst.2019.170 [13] LYU H H, GAO B, HE F, et al. Experimental and modeling investigations of ball-milled biochar for the removal of aqueous methylene blue [J]. Chemical Engineering Journal, 2018, 335: 110-119. doi: 10.1016/j.cej.2017.10.130 [14] LU Z, ZHANG H, SHAHAB A, et al. Comparative study on characterization and adsorption properties of phosphoric acid activated biochar and nitrogen-containing modified biochar employing Eucalyptus as a precursor [J]. Journal of Cleaner Production, 2021, 303: 127046. doi: 10.1016/j.jclepro.2021.127046 [15] WU Y R, CHENG H, PAN D, et al. Potassium hydroxide-modified algae-based biochar for the removal of sulfamethoxazole: Sorption performance and mechanisms [J]. Journal of Environmental Management, 2021, 293: 112912. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.112912 [16] FANG L, LI J S, DONATELLO S, et al. Use of Mg/Ca modified biochars to take up phosphorus from acid-extract of incinerated sewage sludge ash (ISSA) for fertilizer application [J]. Journal of Cleaner Production, 2020, 244: 118853. doi: 10.1016/j.jclepro.2019.118853 [17] WANG W J, ZHAO Y, ZHANG Y G, et al. Nickel embedded porous macrocellular carbon derived from popcorn as sulfur host for high-performance lithium-sulfur batteries [J]. Journal of Materials Science & Technology, 2021, 74: 69-77. [18] XIE X B, ZHANG B, WANG Q, et al. Efficient microwave absorber and supercapacitors derived from puffed-rice-based biomass carbon: Effects of activating temperature [J]. Journal of Colloid and Interface Science, 2021, 594: 290-303. doi: 10.1016/j.jcis.2021.03.025 [19] 吕超, 王煊军, 吕晓猛. 微波膨化对膨胀石墨性能影响分析 [J]. 科技资讯, 2013, 11(8): 109-110. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-3791.2013.08.075 LV C, WANG X J, LV X M. Microwave puffing of expanded graphite performance impact [J]. Science & Technology Information, 2013, 11(8): 109-110(in Chinese). doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-3791.2013.08.075
[20] 张东, 田胜力, 肖德炎. 微波法制备纳米多孔石墨 [J]. 非金属矿, 2004, 27(6): 22-24. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-8098.2004.06.009 ZHANG D, TIAN S L, XIAO D Y, et al. Preparation of nano-size porous graphite by microwave method [J]. Non-Metallic Mines, 2004, 27(6): 22-24(in Chinese). doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-8098.2004.06.009
[21] 赖奇. 微波膨胀对石墨性能的影响 [J]. 非金属矿, 2009, 32(3): 33-34. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-8098.2009.03.011 LAI Q. Effect of expansion by microwave to properties of graphite [J]. Non-Metallic Mines, 2009, 32(3): 33-34(in Chinese). doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-8098.2009.03.011
[22] 李玉玲, 姜鸿勋. 爆裂玉米的质量标准及膨爆机制 [J]. 作物杂志, 2000(4): 30-32. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-7283.2000.04.017 LI Y L, JIANG H X. Quality standard and explosive mechanism of burst corn [J]. Crops, 2000(4): 30-32(in Chinese). doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-7283.2000.04.017
[23] CHU G, ZHAO J, HUANG Y, et al. Phosphoric acid pretreatment enhances the specific surface areas of biochars by generation of micropores [J]. Environmental Pollution, 2018, 240: 1-9. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2018.04.003 [24] 李蕊宁, 王兆炜, 郭家磊, 等. 酸碱改性生物炭对水中磺胺噻唑的吸附性能研究 [J]. 环境科学学报, 2017, 37(11): 4119-4128. doi: 10.13671/j.hjkxxb.2017.0155 LI R N, WANG Z W, GUO J L, et al. Adsorption characteristics of sulfathiazole in aqueous solution by acid/alkali modified biochars [J]. Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae, 2017, 37(11): 4119-4128(in Chinese). doi: 10.13671/j.hjkxxb.2017.0155
[25] PENG H B, GAO P, CHU G, et al. Enhanced adsorption of Cu(II) and Cd(II) by phosphoric acid-modified biochars [J]. Environmental Pollution, 2017, 229: 846-853. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2017.07.004 [26] 孙建财, 周丹丹, 王薇, 等. 生物炭改性及其对污染物吸附与降解行为的研究进展 [J]. 环境化学, 2021, 40(5): 1503-1513. doi: 10.7524/j.issn.0254-6108.2020102106 SUN J C, ZHOU D D, WANG W, et al. Research progress on modification of biochar and its adsorption and degradation behavior [J]. Environmental Chemistry, 2021, 40(5): 1503-1513(in Chinese). doi: 10.7524/j.issn.0254-6108.2020102106
[27] YU Y, QIAO N, WANG D J, et al. Fluffy honeycomb-like activated carbon from popcorn with high surface area and well-developed porosity for ultra-high efficiency adsorption of organic dyes [J]. Bioresource Technology, 2019, 285: 121340. doi: 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.121340 [28] LI H, WEI C X, ZHANG D, et al. Adsorption of bisphenol A on dispersed carbon nanotubes: Role of different dispersing agents [J]. Science of the Total Environment, 2019, 655: 807-813. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.11.310 [29] SHI L, ZHANG D, ZHAO J F, et al. New insights into the different adsorption kinetics of Gallic acid and tannic acid on minerals via 1H NMR relaxation of bound water [J]. Science of the Total Environment, 2021, 767: 144447. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.144447 [30] CHEN H Y, LI W Y, WANG J J, et al. Adsorption of cadmium and lead ions by phosphoric acid-modified biochar generated from chicken feather: Selective adsorption and influence of dissolved organic matter [J]. Bioresource Technology, 2019, 292: 121948. doi: 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.121948 [31] XIANG W, ZHANG X Y, CHEN K Q, et al. Enhanced adsorption performance and governing mechanisms of ball-milled biochar for the removal of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) [J]. Chemical Engineering Journal, 2020, 385: 123842. doi: 10.1016/j.cej.2019.123842 [32] TAN X F, ZHU S S, WANG R P, et al. Role of biochar surface characteristics in the adsorption of aromatic compounds: Pore structure and functional groups[J]. Chinese Chemical Letters, 2021 [33] QU J H, WANG Y X, TIAN X, et al. KOH-activated porous biochar with high specific surface area for adsorptive removal of chromium (VI) and naphthalene from water: Affecting factors, mechanisms and reusability exploration [J]. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2021, 401: 123292. doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.123292 [34] 刘寒冰, 杨兵, 薛南冬. 酸碱改性活性炭及其对甲苯吸附的影响 [J]. 环境科学, 2016, 37(9): 3670-3678. doi: 10.13227/j.hjkx.2016.09.051 LIU H B, YANG B, XUE N D. Effects of acidic and basic modification on activated carbon for adsorption of toluene [J]. Environmental Science, 2016, 37(9): 3670-3678(in Chinese). doi: 10.13227/j.hjkx.2016.09.051
[35] LOPEZ-TENLLADO F J, MOTTA I L, HILL J M. Modification of biochar with high-energy ball milling: Development of porosity and surface acid functional groups [J]. Bioresource Technology Reports, 2021, 15: 100704. doi: 10.1016/j.biteb.2021.100704 [36] 孟繁健, 朱宇恩, 李华, 等. 改性生物炭负载nZVI对土壤Cr(Ⅵ)的修复差异研究 [J]. 环境科学学报, 2017, 37(12): 4715-4723. doi: 10.13671/j.hjkxxb.2017.0240 MENG F J, ZHU Y E, LI H, et al. Effects of the remediation of Cr(Ⅵ) in soil by nanoscale zero-valent iron(nZVI) with modified biochar [J]. Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae, 2017, 37(12): 4715-4723(in Chinese). doi: 10.13671/j.hjkxxb.2017.0240
[37] 李博文, 汪若蘅, 黎丽, 等. 碱活化多孔碳用于分离甲苯及活化/吸附机理 [J]. 高等学校化学学报, 2020, 41(2): 284-292. doi: 10.7503/cjcu20190496 LI B W, WANG R H, LI L, et al. Adsorption of toluene by alkali activated porous carbons and activation/adsorption mechanism [J]. Chemical Journal of Chinese Universities, 2020, 41(2): 284-292(in Chinese). doi: 10.7503/cjcu20190496
[38] 黄爽, 董彩琴, 黄介生, 等. 温度及过筛方式对猪粪和稻秆炭理化特性和镉吸附的影响 [J]. 农业工程学报, 2018, 34(8): 235-243. doi: 10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.2018.08.031 HUANG S, DONG C Q, HUANG J S, et al. Effects of temperature and sieving treatments on physicochemical characteristics and cadmium adsorption capacity for biochars derived from pig manure and rice straw [J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, 2018, 34(8): 235-243(in Chinese). doi: 10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.2018.08.031
[39] MUNIANDY L, ADAM F, MOHAMED A R, et al. The synthesis and characterization of high purity mixed microporous/mesoporous activated carbon from rice husk using chemical activation with NaOH and KOH [J]. Microporous and Mesoporous Materials, 2014, 197: 316-323. doi: 10.1016/j.micromeso.2014.06.020 [40] 许端平, 姜紫微, 张朕. 磁性生物炭对铅镉离子的吸附动力学 [J]. 应用化工, 2021, 50(8): 2108-2112,2119. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1671-3206.2021.08.017 XU D P, JIANG Z W, ZHANG Z. Adsorption kinetics of lead and cadmium ions on magnetic biochar [J]. Applied Chemical Industry, 2021, 50(8): 2108-2112,2119(in Chinese). doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1671-3206.2021.08.017
[41] CHOWDHURY A, KUMARI S, KHAN A A, et al. Activated carbon loaded with Ni-Co-S nanoparticle for superior adsorption capacity of antibiotics and dye from wastewater: Kinetics and isotherms [J]. Colloids and Surfaces A:Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects, 2021, 611: 125868. doi: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2020.125868 [42] LIU S J, PAN M D, FENG Z M, et al. Ultra-high adsorption of tetracycline antibiotics on garlic skin-derived porous biomass carbon with high surface area [J]. New Journal of Chemistry, 2020, 44(3): 1097-1106. doi: 10.1039/C9NJ05396D [43] LI J, LIANG N, JIN X Q, et al. The role of ash content on bisphenol A sorption to biochars derived from different agricultural wastes [J]. Chemosphere, 2017, 171: 66-73. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2016.12.041 [44] TANG L, YU J F, PANG Y, et al. Sustainable efficient adsorbent: Alkali-acid modified magnetic biochar derived from sewage sludge for aqueous organic contaminant removal [J]. Chemical Engineering Journal, 2018, 336: 160-169. doi: 10.1016/j.cej.2017.11.048 [45] 张萌, 吕耀斌, 朱一滔, 等. 去灰分对生物炭理化性质及芳香族污染物吸附的影响 [J]. 环境化学, 2020, 39(11): 3161-3170. doi: 10.7524/j.issn.0254-6108.2020060301 ZHANG M, LYU Y B, ZHU Y T, et al. Impact of deashing treatment on biochar physicochemical properties and sorption mechanisms of aromatic pollutants [J]. Environmental Chemistry, 2020, 39(11): 3161-3170(in Chinese). doi: 10.7524/j.issn.0254-6108.2020060301
[46] YAASHIKAA P R, SENTHIL KUMAR P, VARJANI S J, et al. Advances in production and application of biochar from lignocellulosic feedstocks for remediation of environmental pollutants [J]. Bioresource Technology, 2019, 292: 122030. doi: 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.122030 [47] MPATANI F M, ARYEE A A, KANI A N, et al. Uptake of micropollutant-bisphenol A, methylene blue and neutral red onto a novel bagasse-β-cyclodextrin polymer by adsorption process [J]. Chemosphere, 2020, 259: 127439. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.127439 [48] 吴颖虹, 汪磊, 商博东, 等. 吸附态壬基酚对菲吸附的影响及位点能量分布分析 [J]. 环境化学, 2009, 28(3): 334-338. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:0254-6108.2009.03.003 WU Y H, WANG L, SHANG B D, et al. Site energy distribution analysis for effect of sorbed nonylphenol on sorption of phenanthrene [J]. Environmental Chemistry, 2009, 28(3): 334-338(in Chinese). doi: 10.3321/j.issn:0254-6108.2009.03.003
[49] LIU F F, ZHAO J, WANG S G, et al. Adsorption of sulfonamides on reduced graphene oxides as affected by pH and dissolved organic matter [J]. Environmental Pollution, 2016, 210: 85-93. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2015.11.053 [50] MARCO-BROWN J L, GUZ L, OLIVELLI M S, et al. New insights on crystal violet dye adsorption on montmorillonite: Kinetics and surface complexes studies [J]. Chemical Engineering Journal, 2018, 333: 495-504. doi: 10.1016/j.cej.2017.09.172 [51] SUN Q Y, YANG L Z. The adsorption of basic dyes from aqueous solution on modified peat-resin particle [J]. Water Research, 2003, 37(7): 1535-1544. doi: 10.1016/S0043-1354(02)00520-1 [52] HAERIFAR M, AZIZIAN S. Mixed surface reaction and diffusion-controlled kinetic model for adsorption at the solid/solution interface [J]. The Journal of Physical Chemistry C, 2013, 117(16): 8310-8317. doi: 10.1021/jp401571m [53] 叶益辰, 孙雨晴, 萨仁格日乐, 等. 磷酸改性生物炭-LDHs(Mg-Al-NO3)复合材料对双酚A的吸附 [J]. 环境化学, 2020, 39(1): 61-70. doi: 10.7524/j.issn.0254-6108.2019020206 YE Y C, SUN Y Q, SA R, et al. Adsorption of bisphenol a by phosphoric acid modified biochar-LDHs(Mg-Al-NO3) composite [J]. Environmental Chemistry, 2020, 39(1): 61-70(in Chinese). doi: 10.7524/j.issn.0254-6108.2019020206