高浓度镉(Cd)、铅(Pb)胁迫对铜钱草生长和生理生化参数的影响
Effects of High Concentrations of Cadmium and Lead Stress on Growth, Physiological and Biochemical Parameters in Hydrocotyle vulgaris L.
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摘要: 为探究高浓度镉(Cd)、铅(Pb)胁迫下铜钱草生理生化指标变化及其对重金属污染水体的修复潜力，采用水培法，研究了不同浓度Cd (5、20 mg·L-1)、Pb (50、200 mg·L-1)单一及其复合暴露对铜钱草的生物量、生理生化指标和镉铅累积的影响。结果表明，各处理组铜钱草的生理生化指标基本随Cd、Pb浓度的升高而升高；50 mg·L-1 Pb胁迫下铜钱草对Pb的抗逆性最高，同时5 mg·L-1 Cd暴露时铜钱草对水体Cd的净化率最高；5 mg·L-1 Cd与50 mg·L-1 Pb复合后，Pb能够缓解Cd对铜钱草的氧化损伤；5 mg·L-1 Cd与200 mg·L-1 Pb复合后，铜钱草对水体中Pb的去除率达到峰值。总体上，Cd的植物毒性明显高于Pb。铜钱草具有吸收累积水体铅镉的潜力，可用于净化和修复铅镉污染水体。Abstract: In order to investigate the changes of physiological and biochemical parameters and potential for remediating heavy metal-polluted water in Hydrocotyle vulgaris L. exposed to high concentrations of cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb), a study was conducted to investigate the effects of Cd (5, 20 mg·L-1), Pb (50, 200 mg·L-1) and their combination on biomass, physiological and biochemical indices as well as Cd and Pb accumulation in Hydrocotyle vulgaris through hydroponic cultivation. Results showed that the physiological and biochemical indices generally increased with the increase of Cd and Pb in each treatment. The plants exhibited the highest tolerance to Pb under 50 mg·L-1 Pb stress, while the highest purifying rate of Cd by the plant from the polluted water was shown when they were exposed to 5 mg·L-1 Cd. Pb alleviated the oxidative damage due to Cd stress in the plant under the combination of 5 mg·L-1 Cd and 50 mg·L-1 Pb. Moreover, the purifying rate of Pb reached a peak in the plants exposed to the combined contamination by 5 mg·L-1 Cd and 200 mg·L-1 Pb. In general, the phytotoxicity induced by Cd was obviously higher than that by Pb stress in Hydrocotyle vulgaris. Hydrocotyle vulgaris possesses the potential to absorb and enrich Pb and Cd from the polluted water, suggesting its competence for purification and remediation of Pb and Cd combined pollution of water.
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