摘要:
利用中国环境监测总站的PM2.5(ParticulateMatterwithaerodynamic≤2.5μm)数据、ERA-interim再分析资料等,结合混合单粒子拉格朗日综合轨迹模型(HYSPLIT4),重点分析了华北地区PM2.5的时空分布特征及该地区PM2.5重污染对我国东北、长三角地区空气质量的影响。结果表明,华北地区是中国PM2.5的高值区,2015、2016和2017年华北地区年平均PM2.5质量浓度分别为62.1、59.5和56.8μg/m3,呈减小趋势。该地区冬季PM2.5污染最严重,部分区域的平均浓度甚至超过110μg/m3。个例研究表明,来自华北的污染物可在大约48h后输送至东北和长三角地区,分别占当地污染物总量的21%和71%;同时,在冬季弱高压系统和地形的共同影响下,华北地区42%的污染物不易扩散而局限在本地,15%的污染物向长三角方向输送,不易向东北方向输送。
Abstract:
Using the PM2.5 (Particulate Matter with aerodynamic ≤ 2.5 μm) data from China Environmental Monitoring Center, ERA-interim reanalysis data and the Hybrid Single Particle Lagrangian Integrated Trajectory Model (HYSPLIT4), the spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of PM2.5 in North China were analyzed in this paper, furthermore, the impact of the heavy PM2.5 pollution in North China on the air quality of Northeast China and the Yangtze River Delta were investigated. The results showed that North China was the high value area of PM2.5 in China. The annual mean PM2.5 concentrations in North China reached 62.1, 59.5 and 56.8 μg/m3 in 2015, 2016 and 2017, respectively, showing a decreasing trend. The PM2.5 pollution in North China was most serious in winter with mean concentrations exceeding 110 μg/m3 in some region. Case studies showed that the pollutants could be transported from North China to Northeast China and the Yangtze River Delta in 48 hours, which accounted for 21% and 71% of local pollutants, respectively. Simultaneously, under the combined influence of weak-high-pressure system and topography, 42% of the pollutants in North China were trapped locally and not easy to spread out; 15% of the pollutants were transported to the Yangtze River Delta and hard to transport to Northeast China.
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