Abstract: This paper is a review on the basic problems in studying of the inorganic polymer flocculants in general.Some research results of author's laboratory were introduced also. It is emphasizing on the chemical speciation, characterization parameter, mechanism and model of Al(Ⅲ) and Fe(Ⅲ) species as flocculants. 27Al NMR or laser lightscattering Spectra combined with Ferron complexation timed Spectrophotometry may be hopeful methods for the Speciation of inorganic polymeis. The hydrolysis extent parameter B* or formation function F, calculated by the pH value, can better chaiacterize the hydiolysis-polymeri-zation-gelation-precipitation processes. The reaction kinetics of hydrolysis and adsorption in the coagulation-flocculation processes may be most important in explaning the mechanism of function for the pre-produced flocculants. The quantitative model for inorganic polymer flocculants need to be established yet.