磺胺类兽药对土壤微生物数量的影响
The impact of sulfonamide veterinary drugs on soil microbes quantity
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摘要: 采用室内培养的方法,研究磺胺类兽药(磺胺二甲基嘧啶、磺胺甲噁唑)污染对土壤微生物数量(细菌、真菌、放线菌、固氮菌、兼气性固氮菌、硝化细菌、亚硝化细菌、反硝化细菌及氨化细菌)的影响.结果表明,磺胺类兽药对土壤细菌数量有一定的激活作用,其最大激活率在700%以上.兽药对土壤真菌数量的影响主要呈现抑制作用,其最高抑制率为92.9%.兽药对土壤放线菌数量有一定的抑制作用,对土壤固氮菌数量则有一定的激活作用.兽药对土壤兼气性固氮菌数量的影响表现为较低浓度时(10 mgkg-1)抑制,而较高浓度时(50 mgkg-1)则激活.兽药对土壤硝化细菌、亚硝化细菌、反硝化细菌及氨化细菌有一定的激活作用,其中对硝化细菌的最大激活率可达1000%以上.Abstract: The effects of veterinary sulfonamides (sulfamethazine, sulfamethoxazole) pollution on soil microbes quantity (bacteria, fungi, actinomycetes, nitrogen-fixing bacteria, aerobic nitrogen-fixing bacteria, nitrifying bacteria, nitrosomonas bacteria, denitrifying bacteria and ammonification bacteria) were studied by indoor cultivating. The results show that soil bacteria was activated by veterinary sulfonamides, the maximum activation rate reached above 700%. The effects on soil fungi were mainly for inhibition by veterinary drugs, the maximum inhibition rate reached 92.9%. Soil actinomycetes was inhibited and nitrogen-fixing bacteria was activation by veterinary drugs. The effects on soil aerobic nitrogen-fixing bacteria show inhibition at low level (10 mgg-1) and activation at high level (50 mgg-1) by veterinary drugs. The effects on soil nitrifying bacteria, nitrosomonas bacteria, denitrifying bacteria and ammonification bacteria show activation by veterinary drugs, and the maximum activation rate of nitrifying bacteria reached above 1000%.
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Key words:
- veterinary sulfonamides /
- soil microbes /
- inhibition rate /
- activation rate
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