北京什刹海区域水体富营养化时空演变特征分析
Analysis on temporal-spatial variation of eutrophication in Shichahai area, Beijing
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摘要: 通过现场调研及资料收集,对北京什刹海区域东小村桥、松林闸、后海、前海、北海等5个监测点水体的总氮(TN)、总磷(TP)、高锰酸钾指数(CODMn)、透明度(SD)、叶绿素a(Chl-a)及综合营养状态指数的时空变化趋势进行分析和评价.结果表明,2007—2013年间什刹海区域水体TN和TP浓度偏高,Pearson相关系数分析表明水体TP浓度和综合营养状态指数呈显著正相关,即磷为水体富营养限制性因素.从时间演变趋势角度分析,2008年前后,该区域整体水质良好,营养化水平降低,其后水质状况呈恶化趋势.同时,什刹海水质变化具有显著空间变化特征,生态修复措施较为到位的后海和前海水质明显优于其上下游监测点,而这种空间变化特征主要源于什刹海及其上下游不同区段水体的相对独立性和各段水体受污染的差异性.Abstract: The temporal and spatial variation of total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP), potassium permanganate index (CODMn), transparence(SD), and the corresponding comprehensive eutrophication state index of five typical monitoring sites (Dongxiaoxunqiao, Houhai, Qianhai, Songlinzha, and Beihai) of Shichahai area were investigated. The results revealed that the concentration of TN and TP were on the high level, and the Pearson correlation coefficient analysis showed significant positive correlation between TP concentration and the corresponding comprehensive eutrophication state index. The phosphorus element was the limiting nutrient factor of the selected water area. It was also exhibited that the overall water quality of the area was improved and the eutrophic level decreased around 2008, while the quality of the water in the area deteriorated gradually since 2008. The water quality of Shichahai varied significantly with spatial differences.Due to efficient ecological restoration measures, the water quality of Houhai and Qianhai was better than that of the upper and lower stream of the lake. The spatial differences can be contributed to the relative independence of the different sections and different sources to introduce the pollutants into the waterbody.
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Key words:
- Shichahai /
- eutrophication /
- temporal-spatial variation /
- Beijing
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