摘要:
从辽河油田石油污染的土壤中筛选、驯化得到三株对辽河原油具有较高降解效果的菌种(H1,H2,H3),选取对原油降解率最高的菌株H1为供试菌种,以受原油污染的天津滨海地区典型土壤(淤泥质粉质粘土夹粉砂)为供试土样,考察了不同浓度下鼠李糖脂对菌种H1生长、原油增溶和降解效果的影响.结果表明,鼠李糖脂对菌种H1无毒性,其对原油增溶效果明显,原油溶解度随着鼠李糖脂浓度的增加而增加.降解动力学实验结果表明,原油的降解符合指数常数模型.鼠李糖脂能明显促进土壤中原油的降解,缩短降解周期,大大提高修复效率.
关键词:
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鼠李糖脂
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土壤
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原油
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增溶
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降解
Abstract:
Three kinds of superiority bacterium species H1,H2,H3 which having been showed higher degradation effect on crude oil of Liaohe oil field were screened from oil-contaminated soil.The highest degradation rate bacterium H1 and the representative soil which typically distributes in Tianjin Binhai District,slurry silt clay,were choosed as the tested object.Under the condition of different concentrations,the influence of rhamnolipid biosurfactant to bacterium H1 growth,solubilization of crude oil,the degradation effect of bacterium H1 on crude oil was studied.The result shows that rhamnolipid biosurfactant directs on bacterium H1 innocuity,having obvious solubilization to crude oil with the concentration of this biosurfactant increased,the solubility of crude oil also increased.Kinetics experiment indicates the degradation of crude oil can been showed by exponent constant model.Meanwhile the rhamnolipid biosurfactant can promote the degradation of crude oil in soil,shorten the degradation period,and improve remediation efficiency greatly.
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