纳米银消费品中银的总迁移量分析
Total Migration Analysis of Silver in Consumer Products Containing Nanoparticles
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摘要: 纳米银（Ag NPs）因具有优异的抗菌特性被广泛应用于消费品中。这些消费产品的广泛使用可能会增加人类和环境暴露于银的风险，带来潜在的安全隐患。为了评价这些纳米银消费品中银的迁移行为，对国内11种市售纳米银消费品及银母粒材料中银的总含量进行了调查，并分析了这些产品在不同模拟液中的银总迁移量。11种纳米银消费品中的总银含量范围为0.1~19.8 μg·g-1。银母粒作为前体材料，银含量达23.3 μg·g-1。11种消费品除2种内衣外均在浸泡液中检测到银。这些消费品中的银总迁移量和浸泡时间呈正相关。所选的口罩、袜子的银总迁移量在4种汗液模拟液中不同。保鲜盒在水性和酸性模拟液中并未检测到银的迁出，在油性食物模拟液中的最大总迁移量为2 μg·mL-1。奶瓶、奶袋在用奶粉溶液浸泡后也检测到银的迁移。在经过30 d的浸泡后，产生银迁移的9种产品中有5种最大迁移率不到10%，其他4种产品中的最大迁移率达70%，表明长时间的浸泡对消费品中银的总迁移量的影响差别较大，不同消费品银的迁出量不同。本研究成果可为研究纳米银消费品中银的迁移对人体和环境的影响提供参考。Abstract: Silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) have been widely used in consumer products due to their excellent antibacterial ability. The usage of these consumer products may increase exposure of human body and the environment to silver, accordingly, bringing about potential safety issues. In order to evaluate the migration behavior of silver ion in these Ag NPs-containing consumer products, we investigated the total content of silver in 11 domestic Ag NPs-containing consumer products and silver masterbatch. The silver migration behaviors of these products in different simulated liquids were also investigated. The total content of silver in these consumer products is between 0.1 μg·g-1 and 19.8 μg·g-1. As the precursor material, the silver masterbatch has a silver content of 23.3 μg·g-1. Except for two brands of underwear, silver can be detected in the soaking liquid of other 9 products. The amount of silver released in these consumer products is positively correlated with the soaking time. The amount of silver released from the masks and socks is different among the 4 kinds of sweat simulation fluids. Silver was not detected in the deionized water and acidic soaking liquid for food container, but there was 2 μg·mL-1 silver in the oily food simulant. The released silver was detected when the milk bottles and milk bags were soaked in the milk powder solution. After 30 d of soaking, 5 of the 9 products have a maximum release rate of less than 10%, while the other 4 products reached 70%, which shows that long-term soaking has a different impact on total silver migration amount of the consumer products and the silver migration varied significantly between different consumer products. The investigation for the potential safety issues of silver exposure of human body and the environment is still in its infancy. The proposed methods and the obtained data in this project provide the initial assessment of silver migration of the Ag NPs-containing consumer products, thus, offering reference data for future study.
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Key words:
- silver nanoparticles /
- food packagings /
- textiles /
- migration
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