网状原角藻与微塑料对典型浮游动物的联合毒性效应
Combined Toxic Effects of Protoceratium reticulatum and Microplastics on Typical Zooplankton
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摘要: 本研究旨在探究网状原角藻(Protoceratium reticulatum)联合聚苯乙烯微塑料(polystyrene microplastics, PS-MPs)，对2种典型浮游动物褶皱臂尾轮虫(Brachionus plicatilis)和日本虎斑猛水蚤(Tigriopus japonicus)生活史特征及生命表参数的联合毒害效应。本实验将网状原角藻与微塑料的联合毒性分别与微塑料单独毒性和网状原角藻单独毒性进行比较，用生活史特征和生命表参数对联合毒性效应进行量化。结果表明，网状原角藻联合PS-MPs对2种浮游动物均产生显著负面影响，2种毒物之间的耦合作用为协同。最高浓度(1×105 cells·mL-1)网状原角藻与PS-MPs联合毒性实验组中，日本虎斑猛水蚤种群存活率和繁殖率较同浓度海水小球藻对照组一周均值下降60%~63%和62%~64%，寿命缩短26%~50%，产卵量下降18%，桡足22%的个体运动强度显著下降；生命表参数中，周限增长率(λ)降低10%，世代时间(T)延长10 h，内禀增长率(rm)变化不显著，净生殖率(R0)下降35%。褶皱臂尾轮虫受抑制程度比日本虎斑猛水蚤强，轮虫种群存活率和繁殖率一周均值下降57%~60%和80%~82%，寿命缩短32%~58%，产卵量下降31%，轮虫40%的个体运动强度显著下降；生命表参数中，λ降低16%，T延长8.3 h，rm变化不显著，R0下降50%。本研究结果可为评估网状原角藻赤潮和微塑料污染对海洋生态系统的危害效应提供参考依据。Abstract: This study aimed to investigate the combined toxic effects of Protoceratium reticulatum and polystyrene microplastics (PS-MPs) on the life history characteristics and life table parameters of two typical zooplankton species, Brachionus plicatilis and Tigriopus japonicus. The combined toxicity of P. reticulatum and microplastics was compared with the toxicity of microplastics alone, and that of P. reticulatum alone. The combined toxicity effects were quantified by life history traits and life table parameters. Results showed that P. reticulatum combined with PS-MPs had a significant negative effect on both zooplankton species, and the coupling action between the two toxicants was synergistic. At the highest concentration of P. reticulatum (1×105 cells·mL-1), the population survival and reproduction rates of T. japonicus of the P. reticulatum and PS-MPs combined toxicity experimental group were decreased by 60%~63% and 62%~64%, respectively, compared with the 1-week mean values of the control group with the same concentration of Chlorella sp. The lifespan was shortened by 26%~50%, the egg production was decreased by 18%, and the activity intensity of 22% of the copepod individuals was significantly reduced. Among the life table parameters, the finite rate of increase (λ) was decreased by 10%, the generation time (T) was extended by 10 h, the intrinsic growth rate (rm) did not change significantly, and the net reproduction rate (R0) was decreased by 35%. B. plicatilis was more strongly inhibited than T. japonicus. The 1-week mean values of the population survival and reproduction rates of rotifers were decreased by 57%~60% and 80%~82%, respectively, the lifespan was shortened by 32%~58%, the egg production was decreased by 31%, and the activity intensity of 40% of the rotifer individuals was significantly reduced. Among the life table parameters, λ was decreased by 16%, T was extended by 8.3 h, rm did not change significantly, and R0 was decreased by 50%. The results of this study could provide a reference for evaluating the harmful effects of P. reticulatum red tide and microplastic pollution on marine ecosystems.
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Key words:
- Protoceratium reticulatum /
- polystyrene /
- zooplankton /
- combined toxic effects
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