城市道路径流对植物种子萌发的影响
Effect of Urban Road Runoff on Plant Seed Germination
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摘要: 针对城市道路径流对植物生长的影响尚不明确、无法评价道路径流的潜在生态毒性的问题，本研究选取小麦、水稻、油菜、荞麦和萝卜5种植物，考察城市道路径流对植物种子萌发和幼苗生长的影响。结果表明，不同交通密度道路径流对小麦、水稻、油菜、荞麦和萝卜5种植物种子的萌发具有明显抑制作用，与对照组相比，3条道路径流显著降低了植物种子的发芽指数，但对植物种子的平均发芽速度影响效果并不显著；道路径流胁迫后，植物幼苗株高、根长和鲜质量有所减小，幼苗干质量无明显变化；且交通密度较大，其路面径流污染物浓度较高，其径流对植物种子萌发、幼苗生长抑制作用越明显。利用隶属函数值法对5种植物各项生长指标进行综合评价，小麦生长对道路径流胁迫的敏感性高于其他植物，通过偏最小二乘法-判别法筛选出小麦的发芽势和根长可作为指示评价道路径流潜在生态毒性的敏感性指标。Abstract: Given the unclear effects of urban roadway runoff on plant growth and the need to assess its potential ecotoxicity, this study investigated the impact on plant seed germination and seedling growth using five species: wheat, rice, rape, buckwheat, and radish. The results demonstrated that runoff from roads with varying traffic densities significantly inhibited the germination of seeds from five plants species: wheat, rice, rape, buckwheat, and radish. Compared to the control group, runoff from three roads significantly reduced the germination index of the plant seeds, although there was no significant effect on the average germination speed of the seeds. After exposure to runoff stress, the plant seedlings exhibited decreased height, root length, and fresh weight, with no significant change in dry weight. Moreover, high traffic densities correlated with increased concentrations of pollutants in road runoff, leading to a more pronounced inhibitory effect on both plant seed germination and seedling growth. Using the membership function value method to comprehensively evaluate the growth indicators of the five plants, wheat growth was found to be more sensitive to runoff stress than the other plants. Through the use of partial least squares-discriminant analysis, wheat germination energy and root length were identified as sensitive indicators for assessing the potential ecotoxicity of road runoff.
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Key words:
- road runoff /
- seed germination /
- toxicity effects /
- traffic density /
- seedling growth
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