土霉素对油菜次生代谢及抗氧化作用的影响
Effects of Oxytetracycline on Secondary Metabolism and Antioxidant Activity of Rapeseed
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摘要: 抗生素在人类感染性疾病治疗和畜禽水产养殖中大量应用所带来的环境污染和生态安全问题已经被广泛关注。土壤是环境中抗生素重要的汇，随畜禽粪便有机肥农田施用而持续进入土壤环境的抗生素不仅干扰植物氧化应激和次生代谢过程，而且可能通过食物链传输构成对人体健康的潜在风险。本研究以土壤环境中广泛检出的典型四环素类抗生素土霉素(oxytetracycline,OTC)为研究对象，系统考察水培条件下OTC对我国第一大油料作物甘蓝型油菜植株生长及抗氧化作用的影响。研究结果表明，较高浓度(2.00 mg·L-1和4.00 mg·L-1) OTC暴露显著抑制甘蓝型油菜根长和生物量，并且油菜幼苗光合作用色素叶绿素a、叶绿素b和类胡萝卜素含量显著降低。伴随着OTC诱导油菜幼苗活性氧(reactive oxygen species,ROS)的大量产生，次生代谢前驱酶苯丙氨酸解氨酶(phenylalanine aminolyase,PAL)活性增大，相应的酚酸、芥子碱等次生代谢产物含量增加，超氧化物歧化酶(superoxide dismutase,SOD)等抗氧化酶活性也有不同程度升高，表明油菜通过调节酶促和非酶促的次生代谢过程抵御抗生素的氧化损伤。Abstract: The environmental pollution and ecological safety issues caused by the extensive application of antibiotics in the treatment of human infectious diseases and in livestock and poultry aquaculture have been of great concern. Soil is an important sink of antibiotics in the environment. Antibiotics may be continuously introduced into the soil environment through the application of livestock and poultry manure as organic fertilizers, which can not only impact the oxidative stress and secondary metabolic processes in plants, but also pose potential risks to human health through food chain. In this study, a typical tetracycline antibiotic that is widely detected in soil environments, i.e., oxytetracycline (OTC), was taken as the target chemical. The effects of OTC on the growth and antioxidant activity of rapeseed (Brassica napus), the largest oilseed crop in China, were systematically investigated under hydroponic conditions. The results showed that exposure to higher concentration of OTC (2.00 mg·L-1 and 4.00 mg·L-1) significantly inhibited the root length and biomass of rapeseed and the contents of photosynthetic pigments chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b and carotenoid in the seedlings were significantly reduced. Accompanied by a substantial production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) induced by OTC, the activity of the secondary metabolic precursor enzyme phenylalanine aminolyase (PAL) and the contents of corresponding phenolic acid, sinapine and other secondary metabolites increased. In addition, the activity of antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase (SOD) also increased to varying degrees, indicating that rapeseed could resist oxidative damage from antibiotics by regulating both the enzymatic and non-enzymatic secondary metabolic processes.
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Key words:
- oxytetracycline /
- rape /
- reactive oxygen species /
- antioxidant enzymes /
- secondary metabolism
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