福建闽南沿海养殖僧帽牡蛎中汞和砷的时空分布特征及风险评价
Distributional and risk assessment of Hg and As in the culture-shellish from southern coastal areas of Fujian Province
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摘要: 通过2009—2014年对福建闽南沿海的湄洲湾、大港湾、泉州湾、围头湾、厦门湾、佛昙湾、旧镇湾、东山湾、和诏安湾养殖的僧帽牡蛎中总汞和总砷含量的调查监测，对养殖僧帽牡蛎体中总汞和总砷含量的分布和食用风险进行探讨.结果表明，近6年9个湾海区养殖僧帽牡蛎体中总汞平均质量浓度（0.007—0.018 mg·kg-1）：湄洲湾 > 泉州湾 > 厦门湾 > 诏安湾 > 围头湾=旧镇湾=大港湾=东山湾 > 佛昙湾；总砷平均质量浓度（1.40—2.02 mg·kg-1）：泉州湾 > 厦门湾 > 大港湾 > 湄洲湾 > 诏安湾 > 东山湾 > 围头湾 > 旧镇湾 > 佛昙湾.湄洲湾、泉州湾、厦门湾大部分海水养殖僧帽牡蛎体中总汞和总砷含量明显高于其他海区养殖僧帽牡蛎.福建闽南沿海养殖僧帽牡蛎体未受到汞的污染，98.1%的样品受砷的污染.根据FAO/WHO/JECFA（联合国粮农组织和世界卫生组织下的食品添加剂联合专家委员会）提出的PTWI（暂定每周耐受摄入量）汞为5 μg·kg-1 bw、无机砷为15 μg·kg-1 bw.食用闽南沿海僧帽牡蛎中汞的EWI（每周评估摄入量）值均远小于PTWI，仅占PTWI的1.1%—1.4%；无机砷的EWI值均小于PTMI，占PTWI的7.0%—11.3%，总体处于安全水平.Abstract: According to the survey data of shellfish (Saccostrea cucullate) in the southern coastal areas of Fujian province during 2009—2014, the distributional and risk assessment of Hg and As in the culture-shellfish were investigated. The result showed that the average concentration of Hg was between 0.007—0.018 mg·kg-1, and followed the order of Meizhou Bay > Quanzhou Bay > Xiamen Bay > Zhaoan Bay > Weitou Bay=Jiuzhen Bay=Dagang Bay=Dongshan Bay > Fotan Bay. The average concentration of As was between 1.40—2.02 mg·kg-1 and followed the order of Quanzhou Bay > Xiamen Bay > Dagang Bay > Meizhou Bay > Zhaoan Bay > Dongshan Bay > Weitou Bay > Jiuzhen Bay > Foutan Bay. Contents of Hg and As in Meizhou Bay, Quanzhou Bay and Xiamen Bay were significantly higher than those in other aquaculture sea areas. Saccostrea cucullate in the southern coastal areas of Fujian Province were not polluted by Hg, but 98.1% of samples were polluted by As. The PTWI of mercuric was 5 μg·kg-1 bw,inorganic arsenic was 15 μg·kg-1 bw by FAO(Food and Agriculture Organization)/WHO(World Health Organization)/JECFA (The Joint Expert Committee on Food Additives).The EWI value of mercury and inorganic arsenic in the Saccostrea cucullate of Fujian coastal area was far less than PTWI. Dietary total mercuric and inorganic arsenic intake of PTWI were 1.1%—1.4% and 7.0%—11.3%.
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Key words:
- southern coastal areas /
- Hg /
- As /
- Saccostrea cucullata /
- distribution characteristic /
- risk assessment.
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