开封市城市土壤剖面Hg、As和Sb分布特征分析
Distribution of Hg, As and Sb concentrations in urban soil profiles of Kaifeng City, Henan Province
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摘要: 为了分析开封市不同土地利用类型下重金属Hg、As和Sb的积累状况及其垂直分布特征，采用氢化物发生-原子荧光光谱法测定了开封市55个城区土壤剖面和4个对照剖面共计303个土壤样品中，Hg、As和Sb的含量.结果表明：（1）城区土壤Hg、As和Sb含量明显高于对照土壤，城市土壤中Hg、As和Sb的平均含量分别为0.28、6.52、1.46 mg·kg-1.与中国潮土背景值相比，Hg和Sb受到了不同程度的污染；（2）由于成土母质组成、城市建设过程以及各种人为污染叠加的综合作用，开封市城市土壤中Hg、As和Sb的分布特征比较复杂，不同剖面重金属垂直分布特征变异较大；（3）城市不同土地利用类型下重金属含量存在显著差异，其中Hg在公共管理与服务用地和住宅用地上含量较高，As和Sb的高值区位于工矿仓储用地和交通运输用地.Abstract: To investigate the distribution of Hg, As and Sb in urban soil profiles in Kaifeng City, Henan province, fifty-five urban soil profiles and four suburban soil profiles (as control) were sampled. Concentrations of Hg, As, and Sb in soils were determined by hydride generation-atomic fluorescence spectrometry. The results showed that the concentrations of Hg, As and Sb in urban soils were significantly higher than those of the suburb soils. The average concentrations of Hg,As and Sb in urban soils were 0.28 mg·kg-1,6.52 mg·kg-1and 1.46 mg·kg-1, respectively. Compared with local soil background values, Hg and As in the studied soils showed contamination. Under the combined effects of soil parent material composition, urban construction and various anthropogenic pollution, the contents of Hg,As and Sb presented greater variability in different urban soil profiles. For different land use, the contents of Hg,As and Sb displayed significant differences. For instance, high contents of Hg existed in soils located in the public administration and service land, as well as in the residential land. High values of As and Sb contents were detected in mining warehouse land and traffic and transportation land.
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Key words:
- Kaifeng City /
- urban soil profiles /
- Hg /
- As /
- Sb.
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