浙江中部经济发达区域流域重金属污染调查与分析
Pollution investigation and analysis of heavy metals of watershed in the developed central regions of Zhejiang Province,China
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摘要: 为了解浙江中部经济发达区域流域重金属的污染情况.以东阳市东阳江流域为例，采集该流域37条干支流在丰水期和枯水期的水样，并对典型重金属锌、铜、铅、铬、镉、砷和汞含量进行测定及评价.结果表明：（1）东阳江流域干支流在丰水期和枯水期重金属平均含量排序均为：锌> 铅> 铜> 铬> 砷> 镉> 汞，其中锌、铜和镉含量均未超过地表水Ⅲ类标准，其他重金属均超标且超标率排序为：汞> 铅> 铬> 砷；（2）东阳江上游支流到下游支流的锌、镉、汞变化趋势呈现波峰和波谷交替出现的势态，高峰值出现在东阳市工业园区与经济强镇；（3）内梅罗污染指数指数评价得出，柽溪和绕溪在丰水期和枯水期均达到中度重金属污染水平；（4）健康风险评价法表明，化学致癌物引起的健康风险水平远远大于非致癌物引起的健康风险水平，通过饮水途径引起的健康风险水平大于皮肤接触，该流域致癌物的健康危害顺序：铬> 砷> 镉.Abstract: To understand the pollution level in the developed central regions of Zhejiang province,seven heavy metals (Zn Cu Pb Cr Cd As and Hg) were investigated for their contents and distributions in the Dongyang River where 37 sampling sites in wet and dry seasons were collected. The results revealed that the average content of the heavy metals in both wet and dry seasons follows the onder: Zn> Pb> Cu> Cr> As > Cd> Hg. The average contents of Zn,Cu and Cd did not exceed the relevant standards,while the others did the order of which was: Hg> Pb> Cr> As. The pattern trend of Zn,Hg and Cd concentrations showed fluctuation from the upper to the downstream tributaries,and the peak appeared in the industrial park and economically strong town. Chengxi and Raoxi reached moderate pollution in both wet and dry seasons. Health risk assessment showed that the level of health risks caused by chemical carcinogens was far greater than that caused by non-carcinogens. The health risk level caused by drinking water was higher than skin contact. The order of health hazard of carcinogens was Cr> As> Cd.
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Key words:
- Dongyang River /
- heavy metals /
- pollution assessment /
- health evaluation
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