基于分形插值模型的贵州农产品区土壤养分综合评价研究
Comprehensive evaluation of soil nutrients in guizhou agricultural products areas based on the fractal interpolation model
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摘要: 以贵州省农产品区为研究对象，选取5个养分指标，利用分形维数权重的方法构建土壤养分分形插值模型，结合GIS技术对贵州省农产品区的土壤养分现状进行综合评价，并引入多种评价模型与分形插值模型评价结果进行验证分析.结果表明：（1）贵州省农产品区中速效钾含量丰富，中位数为162.00 mg·kg-1，全氮、有机质、有效磷含量为中等水平，中位数为1.35 g·kg-1、20.30 g·kg-1、10.30 mg·kg-1，土壤为微酸性土壤.（2）分形插值是解决复杂的非线性关系问题的模型方法，将其运用于土壤养分综合评价中既考虑了指标间的非线性关系又考虑了指标间的权重关系，通过与投影寻踪模型、熵权TOPSIS模型和数值化模型对比验证与分析，分形插值模型与其他三种模型方法的评价结果有较好的一致性，评价结果更加客观、合理，为土壤养分综合评价提供了一种较好的新方法.（3）土壤养分分形插值综合评价分布图显示，贵州农产品区北部地区较南部地区土壤养分较好，由中部向四周呈放射状递减的趋势，土壤养分各等级水平均有体现，其中等和缺乏水平分布面积占研究总面积的38.17%和36.99%，说明整个研究区土壤养分水平综合状况主要以中等和缺乏水平为主.Abstract: Agricultural products area in Guizhou Province was the research object. 5 nutrient indices were selected. Soil nutrient fractal interpolation model was constructed using the fractal dimension weight, combined with comprehensive evaluation of the soil nutrient status of agricultural products area in Guizhou province by GIS technology, and then, the evaluation results of multiple evaluation model and fractal interpolation model were introduced to verify and analyze. The results showed that:(1) Available K of agricultural products area in Guizhou is abundant.The median is 162.00 mg·kg-1.Total nitrogen, organic matter and available phosphorus content are in meddle level:the median is 1.35 g·kg-1, 20.30 g·kg-1 and 10.30 mg·kg-1 respectively, and the soil is subacid. (2) The fractal interpolation model in solving non-linear problem is complex. It is applied to the comprehensive evaluation of soil nutrients, considering the nonlinear relationship and the weight relationship among indices. Through compare with, verify and analyze the projection tracking model, entropy TOPSIS model and numerical model, the evaluation results of the fractal interpolation model are consisted with the three other methods. The evaluation results are more objective and reasonable, and it provides a new method for the comprehensive evaluation of soil nutrients. (3) The fractal interpolation of soil nutrient comprehensive evaluation map shows that the soil nutrient in northern region of Guizhou agricultural products area is better than in southern area. The soil nutrient level from the middle to the periphery is radial decreasing, and the level is reflected. The middle and low horizontal distribution area is accounted for 38.17% and 36.99% of the total area respectively. The status of soil nutrients in the study area are mainly in the middle and low levels.
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