磷酸盐添加对快速好氧堆肥过程pH及腐熟效果的影响
Effect of phosphate addition on pile pH and maturity during rapid aerobic composting process
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摘要: 随着我国环保政策的日趋严格，具有堆肥周期短、产品质量好、二次污染小等优点的反应器快速好氧堆肥工艺受到人们的广泛关注.然而，由于堆肥原料的有机物含量高，导致快速堆肥初期的有机酸累积，堆体pH偏低，影响堆肥效果.本研究拟通过添加磷酸盐，解决剩余污泥反应器快速堆肥过程出现的pH偏低问题.结果表明，添加磷酸盐可有效控制堆体pH，堆肥初期，HPO42-通过与有机酸解离产生的H+反应生成H2PO4-，提高堆体pH，堆肥后期，蛋白质降解产生较多NH4+，导致pH升高，堆体中的H2PO4-通过与OH-结合生成HPO42-，降低堆体pH.当HPO42-与H2PO4-的摩尔比为2：5时，堆体pH值可维持在6.0-8.5之间，有机物降解率最高，堆体的NH4+-N含量最大，达3.99 mg·g-1，堆肥过程的保氮效果较好，且所得堆肥产品的种子发芽指数也较高，腐熟程度良好.Abstract: With the strict environmental protection policy in China, the However, the pH level often decreases and further affects the composting efficiency during the rapid composting process due to the high-strength organic matter of composting materials, which results in the accumulation of organic acids. The lower pH emerged in the rapid composting process would be solved by dosing phosphate in this study. The results showed that the addition of phosphate effectively controlled pile pH. The pH level was increased via the conversion of HPO42- to H2PO4- by combining with H+ during the early composting stage. More NH4+ from protein degradation resulted higher pH during the later composting stage, and the pile pH was decreased via the conversion of H2PO4- to HPO42- by combining with OH-. When the molar ratio of HPO42- to H2PO4- was 2:5, the pile pH kept in the range of 6.0 to 8.5 with the higher degradation rate of organic matter. The content of NH4+-N in the pile was also highest with 3.99 mg·g-1, indicating that more nitrogen was conserved in the pile. The germination index of the compost product was higher with the better maturity.
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Key words:
- phosphate /
- aerobic composting /
- pH /
- germination index
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