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近百年来大辽河口潮间带中滴滴涕(DDTs)的沉积记录及其对人类活动的响应

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栾晓琳, 乔田峰, 吕敏, 廖春阳, 王东启, 刘东艳, 陈令新. 近百年来大辽河口潮间带中滴滴涕(DDTs)的沉积记录及其对人类活动的响应[J]. 环境化学, 2020, (1): 119-127. doi: 10.7524/j.issn.0254-6108.2019043001
引用本文: 栾晓琳, 乔田峰, 吕敏, 廖春阳, 王东启, 刘东艳, 陈令新. 近百年来大辽河口潮间带中滴滴涕(DDTs)的沉积记录及其对人类活动的响应[J]. 环境化学, 2020, (1): 119-127. doi: 10.7524/j.issn.0254-6108.2019043001
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LUAN Xiaolin, QIAO Tianfeng, LYU Min, LIAO Chunyang, WANG Dongqi, LIU Dongyan, CHEN Lingxin. Sediment records of DDTs in intertidal sediment core of Daliao River Estuary and their responses to anthropogenic activities in the past century[J]. Environmental Chemistry, 2020, (1): 119-127. doi: 10.7524/j.issn.0254-6108.2019043001
Citation: LUAN Xiaolin, QIAO Tianfeng, LYU Min, LIAO Chunyang, WANG Dongqi, LIU Dongyan, CHEN Lingxin. Sediment records of DDTs in intertidal sediment core of Daliao River Estuary and their responses to anthropogenic activities in the past century[J]. Environmental Chemistry, 2020, (1): 119-127. doi: 10.7524/j.issn.0254-6108.2019043001
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近百年来大辽河口潮间带中滴滴涕(DDTs)的沉积记录及其对人类活动的响应

  • 1. 中国科学院烟台海岸带研究所, 中国科学院海岸带环境过程与生态修复重点实验室, 烟台, 264003;

  • 2. 烟台大学环境与材料工程学院, 烟台, 264005;

  • 3. 中国科学院大学, 北京, 100049;

  • 4. 中国科学院生态环境研究中心, 环境化学与生态毒理学国家重点实验室, 北京, 100085;

  • 5. 华东师范大学地理科学学院, 上海, 200241

    • 通讯作者: 陈令新, E-mail: lxchen@yic.ac.cn
  • 基金项目:

    科技部基础调查专项（2014FY210600），国家自然科学基金（41601525，21677167），山东省自然科学基金（ZR2016DB07），中央组织部"青年千人计划"和环境化学与生态毒理学国家重点实验室开放基金（KF2017-11）资助.

Sediment records of DDTs in intertidal sediment core of Daliao River Estuary and their responses to anthropogenic activities in the past century

  • 1. CAS Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, 264003, China;

  • 2. School of Environmental and Material Engineering, Yantai University, Yantai, 264005, China;

  • 3. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China;

  • 4. State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China;

  • 5. School of Geographical Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China

    • Corresponding author: CHEN Lingxin, lxchen@yic.ac.cn
  • Fund Project: Supported by the Basic Special Program of Ministry of Science and Technology of China (2014FY210600), the National Nature Science Foundation of China (41601525, 21677167), the Nature Science Foundation of Shandong Province (ZR2016DB07), the Thousand Young Talents Program of China and Open Fund of State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology (KF2017-11).

  • 摘要: 滴滴涕（DDTs）在中国农业生产中的使用已被禁止30多年，但仍在多种环境介质中有检出.潮间带作为陆地与海洋交汇区，是污染物在环境中重要的汇.为全面了解近百年来大辽河口潮间带中DDTs的沉积特征，本研究通过在大辽河口潮间带采集柱状沉积物样品，结合定年结果，揭示了近百年来大辽河口潮间带柱状沉积物中DDTs的污染特征，并对其潜在风险、源趋和影响因素进行了分析.结果显示，大辽河口潮间带柱状沉积物中DDTs浓度范围为0.313—4.116 ng·g-1（中值：2.061 ng·g-1），以p，p'-DDTs为主要污染物.1988—1996年为沉积物中DDTs污染高峰期（3.436—4.116 ng·g-1），与1971—1981年农药生产高峰期相对应，且存在约15年的延迟.2000年以后，辽宁省可能存在工业DDT的使用，且与疾病防控有关.经风险评估发现，DDT和DDE在0—110 cm范围内均极少（<25%）对底栖生物产生负效应，而DDD和总DDTs在0—44 cm范围内偶尔（25%—50%）对底栖生物产生负效应.DDTs的特征比值分析表明，大辽河口潮间带沉积柱中DDTs主要来源于工业DDT的历史污染而非三氯杀螨醇的使用.DDT降解产物在深层（62—110 cm）以DDE为主，而在浅层（0—62 cm）以DDD为主.1971年后人为活动导致TOC含量的增加是促使大辽河口潮间带沉积物由好氧环境转变为厌氧环境的重要因素.此外，大辽河口潮间带沉积物中DDTs浓度与沉积物性质（总氮（TN）、总磷（TP）和总有机碳（TOC））具有极显著相关性（P<0.01），且与辽宁省GDP、城市化率和农业总产值等人为活动具有极显著正相关性（P<0.01）.综上，由潮间带沉积柱中DDTs的浓度和组成反映出人类活动直接或间接影响了潮间带中污染物的存在和归趋.
    Abstract: Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethanes (DDTs) are still detected in various environmental matrices, although their usage in agriculture has been banned for about 30 years in China. Intertidal zone, as the intersection area of land and sea, is the final sink for contaminants. To comprehensively understand the deposition features of DDTs in intertidal sediment of Daliao River Estuary, a sediment core was sampled in this study. Combined with the dating data, the distribution, potential risk, source and fate of DDTs were investigated. The results showed that DDTs concentrations ranged from 0.313 ng·g-1 to 4.116 ng·g-1(median:2.061 ng·g-1), with p,p'-DDTs being the major components. Interestingly, the peak of DDTs concentrations (3.436-4.116 ng·g-1) during 1988-1996 corresponded well with the peak of pesticide production during 1971-1981, and a 15-year-round time lag was observed between these two peaks. Possible usage of technical DDT was implied after year 2000 for the control and prevention of disease in Liaoning Province. The risk assessment of DDTs revealed that concentrations of DDT and DDE in sediment core rarely (<25%) showed negative effect, while concentrations of DDD and total DDTs in the depth of 0-44 cm occasionally (25%-50%) showed negative effect. The specific ratios of DDTs demonstrated that DDTs in the intertidal sediments were mainly from historical use of technical DDT rather than the use of dicofol. DDE and DDD were the main degradation products of DDT in the deeper layer (62-110 cm) and shallower layer (0-61 cm), respectively. Further analysis revealed that the increased TOC content caused by human activities after year 1971 was the main reason that led the sediment environment changing from aerobic environment to anaerobic environment. What's more, DDTs concentrations in sediment core had strong positive correlations with sediment properties (TN, TP and TOC) (P<0.01), and also had a significant positive correlation with anthropogenic activities (such as GDP, urbanization and total agricultural output value) (P<0.01). Therefore, the results of the concentrations and compositions of DDTs in intertidal sediment core could reflect the direct and indirect influence of human activities on the occurrence and fate of contaminants in intertidal sediment.
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  • 收稿日期:  2019-04-30
  • 刊出日期:  2020-01-01

近百年来大辽河口潮间带中滴滴涕(DDTs)的沉积记录及其对人类活动的响应

    通讯作者: 陈令新, E-mail: lxchen@yic.ac.cn
  • 1. 中国科学院烟台海岸带研究所, 中国科学院海岸带环境过程与生态修复重点实验室, 烟台, 264003;
  • 2. 烟台大学环境与材料工程学院, 烟台, 264005;
  • 3. 中国科学院大学, 北京, 100049;
  • 4. 中国科学院生态环境研究中心, 环境化学与生态毒理学国家重点实验室, 北京, 100085;
  • 5. 华东师范大学地理科学学院, 上海, 200241
  • 收稿日期:  2019-04-30
  • 网络出版日期:  2020-01-01
基金项目:

科技部基础调查专项（2014FY210600），国家自然科学基金（41601525，21677167），山东省自然科学基金（ZR2016DB07），中央组织部"青年千人计划"和环境化学与生态毒理学国家重点实验室开放基金（KF2017-11）资助.

摘要: 滴滴涕（DDTs）在中国农业生产中的使用已被禁止30多年，但仍在多种环境介质中有检出.潮间带作为陆地与海洋交汇区，是污染物在环境中重要的汇.为全面了解近百年来大辽河口潮间带中DDTs的沉积特征，本研究通过在大辽河口潮间带采集柱状沉积物样品，结合定年结果，揭示了近百年来大辽河口潮间带柱状沉积物中DDTs的污染特征，并对其潜在风险、源趋和影响因素进行了分析.结果显示，大辽河口潮间带柱状沉积物中DDTs浓度范围为0.313—4.116 ng·g-1（中值：2.061 ng·g-1），以p，p'-DDTs为主要污染物.1988—1996年为沉积物中DDTs污染高峰期（3.436—4.116 ng·g-1），与1971—1981年农药生产高峰期相对应，且存在约15年的延迟.2000年以后，辽宁省可能存在工业DDT的使用，且与疾病防控有关.经风险评估发现，DDT和DDE在0—110 cm范围内均极少（<25%）对底栖生物产生负效应，而DDD和总DDTs在0—44 cm范围内偶尔（25%—50%）对底栖生物产生负效应.DDTs的特征比值分析表明，大辽河口潮间带沉积柱中DDTs主要来源于工业DDT的历史污染而非三氯杀螨醇的使用.DDT降解产物在深层（62—110 cm）以DDE为主，而在浅层（0—62 cm）以DDD为主.1971年后人为活动导致TOC含量的增加是促使大辽河口潮间带沉积物由好氧环境转变为厌氧环境的重要因素.此外，大辽河口潮间带沉积物中DDTs浓度与沉积物性质（总氮（TN）、总磷（TP）和总有机碳（TOC））具有极显著相关性（P<0.01），且与辽宁省GDP、城市化率和农业总产值等人为活动具有极显著正相关性（P<0.01）.综上，由潮间带沉积柱中DDTs的浓度和组成反映出人类活动直接或间接影响了潮间带中污染物的存在和归趋.

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