铜陵市中小学校园灰尘汞的分布特征及健康风险评价
Distribution characteristics and health risk assessment of mercury in dust in primary and secondary schools in Tongling City
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摘要: 为了解铜陵市校园灰尘汞污染状况，在中小学校园内分别采集室外、一楼教室、高层教室的灰尘样品.利用Hydra Ⅱ C测汞仪测定全粒径和细粒径灰尘中汞含量，分析校园灰尘中汞的来源，并评估灰尘中汞的健康风险.结果表明，校园灰尘汞含量高于铜陵市土壤背景值.对于不同功能区，校园室外全粒径和细粒径（<75 μm）灰尘汞含量为化工区 > 矿区 > 主城区 > 农业区，教室内全粒径灰尘汞含量为主城区 > 矿区 > 化工区 > 农业区，细粒径灰尘中汞含量为矿区 > 主城区 > 化工区 > 农业区，一楼和高层教室内灰尘汞含量最高的分别是矿区和主城区.受学生活动、教室通风情况和采样季节的影响，校园内不同活动场所灰尘中汞含量差异不大.通过来源分析发现工矿业活动和交通活动是校园汞的重要来源.健康风险评价结果可知，铜陵市校园灰尘中汞对成人和儿童均无显著的非致癌风险，但教室内和化工区室外的HI较高，建议师生活动做好防护并及时清扫灰尘.Abstract: In order to understand the mercury pollution of dust in Tongling campus, dust samples were collected from outdoor, first floor and high-rise classrooms in primary and secondary schools. The content of mercury in dust with full and fine particle size(<75 μm) was determined by Hydra Ⅱ C mercury analyzer. And we assessed the source and the possible health risks of mercury in dust to human health.The results showed that, the mercury content in campus dust was higher than the background value of soil in Tongling City. For different functional areas, the mercury content of outdoor full-size and fine-size dust was Chemical area > Mining area > Main urban area > Agricultural area, and the mercury content of classroom full-size dust was Main Urban area > Mining area > Chemical area > Agricultural area. The highest content of mercury in the first floor and high-rise classrooms were the Mining area and the Main Urban area respectively. The survey showed that the mercury content in the dust of different activity sites on campus was not significantly different due to the influence of student activities, classroom ventilation and sampling season. Through source analysis, we found that industrial and mining activities and transportation activities were important sources of mercury in campus. According to the results of health risk assessment, there was no significant non-carcinogenic risk of mercury in school dust of Tongling City for adults and children. But the HI in the classroom and outdoor in the Chemical area was higher, so we suggested that teachers and students should do a good job of protection and timely dust cleaning.
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Key words:
- mercury /
- campus /
- dust /
- pollution /
- Tongling City
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