污泥好氧颗粒化过程中微生物群落结构的演变与分析
Evolution and analysis of microbial community structure during aerobic sludge-granulation
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摘要: 为了揭示颗粒污泥形成过程中微生物群落结构多样性的演变过程，以人工配水为进水，在SBR中采用厌氧/好氧循环的手段成功培育出具有聚磷特性的颗粒污泥，利用基于16S rDNA的PCR-DGGE技术获得了微生物群落的DNA特征指纹图谱，对条带进行了统计分析和切胶测序，并建立了系统发育树。结果表明，污泥沉降性能的改善要先于颗粒污泥的形成，而污泥粒径的演变对其沉降性能影响较小。微生物群落结构演变较为平缓，Shannon多样性指数随着颗粒污泥形成逐渐上升；颗粒污泥形成期间，聚磷菌Candidatus Accumulibacter始终保持较为稳定的优势地位，以Candidatus Nitrospira defluvii和Thauera为代表的种群逐渐得到强化，而拟杆菌纲在前期占有优势地位，在后期逐渐消亡。Abstract: In order to reveal the succession procedure of microbial community diversity during sludge granulation， polyphosphate-accumulating granules were successfully cultured during the anaerobic/aerobic cycle with artificially influent water. PCR-amplified 16S rDNA and denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) were applied to obtain DNA characterized fingerprint profile of the microbial communities. The bands in the gel were analyzed by statistical methods and excided from the gel for sequencing， and the phylogenetic tree was constructed. The experimental results demonstrate that improvement in sludge sedimentation performance occurred prior to the formation of granular sludge and was not affected by change in granule size. Microbial community structures changed gently and Shannon index increased as the granules grew. Candidatus Accumulibacter was found to be the predominant species during the granulation process， other communities such as Candidatus Nitrospira defluvii and Thauera eventually became dominant. The initial predominant communities such as Bacteroidetes bacterium were washed out gradually.
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