-
美度铵(meldonium,mildronate),又称米屈阱,最初作为一种生长促进剂用于动物养殖,此外,作为左旋肉碱抑制剂,在欧洲作为临床药物治疗糖尿病、神经退行性疾病和支气管肺疾病。就运动表现而言,对运动员运动能力、耐力以及运动后恢复均有促进作用。因此,2016年,世界反兴奋剂中心(WADA)将美度铵列入《禁用清单》S4. 激素及代谢调节剂。为了避免食品来源的兴奋剂污染,国家体育总局也于2021年发布《大型赛事食源性兴奋剂防控工作指南》,要求大型赛事举办方对肉食品中食源性兴奋剂进行检测,其中美度铵的参考检出限 20 μg·kg−1。
美度铵的检测方法包括液相色谱-蒸发光散射检测法(LC-ELSD)、液相色谱-串联质谱法(LC-MS/MS)、超临界色谱-串联质谱法(SFC-MS/MS)、液相色谱-高分辨质谱法(LC-HRMS)等[1-5]。LC-ELSD检测法分析时间长,且易受基质干扰,满足不了痕量分析的需要;SFC-MS/MS分析速度快,但正相色谱柱易受样品中水的影响,不适合长期、大批量样品的分析;LC-MS/MS用于美度铵的分析,灵敏度高,抗干扰能力强,是适合大批量样品、稳定分析的最佳技术之一。美度铵极性强,前处理一般采用液液萃取的方式,目前报道的基质主要是尿液、血浆、干血斑等基质,而动物源性食品中美度铵的前处理研究尚未见报道。对于动物组织样品,基质更为复杂,需要更为有效的前处理方式,因此,亟需建立动物源性食品中美度铵的残留检测方法,以实现更加可靠有效的食源性兴奋剂污染控制。
本文利用碳酸氢铵缓冲溶液提取,HLB固相萃取净化,亲水作用色谱-串联质谱定性定量测定,建立了猪肉、虾中美度铵残留的检测方法,对提取效率、基质效应等进行了研究,并进行了详细的方法学考察。该方法快速、准确、灵敏度高,供相关行业参考。
亲水作用色谱-三重四极杆质谱法分析肉中代谢调节剂美度铵残留
Analysis of metabolic regulator Meldonium residues in meat by hydrophilic interaction chromatography-triple quadrupole mass spectrometry
-
摘要: 本文采用亲水作用(HILIC)色谱-串联质谱,建立了肉类中代谢调节剂美度铵残留量的测定方法。肉类样品经碳酸氢铵-乙腈缓冲液提取,HLB固相萃取柱净化,经HILIC色谱分离,三重四极杆质谱多反应监测模式(MRM)测定,基质匹配外标曲线定量。结果显示,5—1000 μg·kg−1浓度范围内线性良好,判定系数r2均大于0.995,线性良好;猪肉、虾中美度铵的检出限分别为0.2、0.3 μg·kg−1,定量限分别为0.7、1.0 μg·kg−1,空白样品中加标5、10、50 μg·kg−1,加标回收率81.8%—109.5%之间。该方法简便,灵敏度高,准确度好。
-
关键词:
- 三重四极杆液质联用法 /
- 美度铵 /
- 肉类 /
- 代谢调节剂 /
- 兴奋剂
Abstract: A method for determination of the residue of metabolizing regulator meldonium in meat was established by hydrophilic interaction (HILIC) chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. Meat samples were extracted by ammonium bicarbonate and acetonitrile buffer, purified by HLB solid phase extraction column, separated by HILIC chromatography, determined by triple quadrupole mass spectrometry multi reaction monitoring mode (MRM), and quantified by matrix matching external standard curve. The results show that the linearity is good in the concentration range of 5—1000 μg·kg−1, and the determination coefficient r2 is greater than 0.995; The limits of detection of mildonium in pork and shrimp were 0.2 μg·kg−1 and 0.3 μg·kg−1 respectively, and the limits of quantitative were 0.7 μg·kg−1 and 1.0 μg·kg−1 respectively; Blank meat and shrimp spiked 5, 10 and 50 μg·kg−1 concentration of meldonium, the recovery rate is between 81.8% and 109.5%. The method is simple, sensitive and accurate. -
表 1 美度铵基质标准曲线的线性关系、检出限
Table 1. Calibration and detection limits of meldonium in pork and shrimp matrix
化合物 基质 线性方程 判定系数r2 检出限/(μg·kg-1) 定量限/(μg·kg-1) 美度铵 猪肉 Y =136318.3X +8170.1 0.9988 0.2 0.7 虾 Y =34568.9X +9147.8 0.9955 0.3 1.0 表 2 美度铵在猪肉、虾基质加标回收率
Table 2. Recovery and precision of meldonium in pork and shrimp
基质 浓度/(μg·kg−1) 回收率/% RSD/% 猪肉 5 81.8 6 10 88.6 5 50 100.6 3 虾 5 88.9 15 10 90.9 15 50 109.5 12 -
[1] 曹国颖, 吕允凤, 胡欣, 等. 高效液相色谱-蒸发光散射检测法测定米屈肼中有关物质及含量 [J]. 中国药学杂志, 2005, 40(11): 864-866. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:1001-2494.2005.11.022 CAO G Y, LV Y F, HU X, et al. Determination of mildronate and related substances by HPLC-ELSD [J]. Chinese Pharmaceutical Journal, 2005, 40(11): 864-866(in Chinese). doi: 10.3321/j.issn:1001-2494.2005.11.022
[2] PENG Y, YANG J, WANG Z R, et al. Determination of mildronate by LC-MS/MS and its application to a pharmacokinetic study in healthy Chinese volunteers [J]. Journal of Chromatography. B, Analytical Technologies in the Biomedical and Life Sciences, 2010, 878(5/6): 551-556. [3] KNYCH H K, STANLEY S D, MCKEMIE D S, et al. Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of meldonium in exercised thoroughbred horses [J]. Drug Testing and Analysis, 2017, 9(9): 1392-1399. doi: 10.1002/dta.2214 [4] XHAFERAJ M, NAEGELE E, PARR M K. Ion exchange in supercritical fluid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (SFC-MS/MS): Application for polar and ionic drugs and metabolites in forensic and anti-doping analysis [J]. Journal of Chromatography A, 2020, 1614: 460726. doi: 10.1016/j.chroma.2019.460726 [5] TEMERDASHEV A, AZARYAN A, DMITRIEVA E. Meldonium determination in milk and meat through UHPLC-HRMS [J]. Heliyon, 2020, 6(8): e04771. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e04771 [6] WANG H, PING H, LIU Q J, et al. Determination of pesticide residues in strawberries by ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry [J]. Food Analytical Methods, 2022, 15(1): 85-95. doi: 10.1007/s12161-021-02102-4