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许多行业废水中会含有高浓度硝酸盐,硝酸盐进入水体后不仅会引起水体富营养化,对水生生物和人类的生产生活造成不利影响,且高浓度的硝酸盐容易被还原为亚硝酸盐,从而会对人体健康造成威胁[1]。目前,常用的污水脱氮工艺主要有物化法、生物法等,其中,物化方法主要有离子交换法、电渗析和反渗透等,但成本太高,很少使用;生物方法中的异养反硝化虽然已经得到广泛应用,也能取得不错的脱氮效果,但通常需要额外投加大量碳源,这些碳源会增加运营成本及工艺复杂性,此外,还会导致较高的污泥产量与温室气体排放。
硫自养反硝化技术作为一种低碳、低费、低污泥产量的反硝化技术逐渐受到研究人员的重视,近年来对其反应机理、参数调控及作用菌群的研究都取得了一定进步。文章总结了国内外学者对硫自养反硝化技术的研究进展,并对未来研究做出展望。
硫自养反硝化技术研究进展与展望
Research status and prospect of sulfur-autotrophic denitrification technology
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摘要: 硫自养反硝化是一种具有低碳、低费、低污泥产量优势的脱氮技术。文章介绍了基于不同电子供体、pH、溶解氧(DO)和水力停留时间(HRT)等因素对硫自养反硝化反应效率的影响并对比了不同工艺的优缺点,阐述了硫自养反硝化工艺中微生物的群落特征,提出了现阶段存在的不足与缺陷,最后对其未来应用进行展望。Abstract: Sulfur autotrophic denitrification is a nitrogen removal technology with low carbon, low cost and low sludge yield. This paper introduces the influence of different electron donors, pH, dissolved oxygen (DO) and hydraulic residence time (HRT) on the efficiency of sulfur autotrophic denitrification, and compares the advantages and disadvantages of different processes in detail. It also describes the characteristics of microbial community in the sulfur autotrophic denitrification process, and proposes the deficiencies and defects at present stage. Finally, the future application of this technology is prospected.
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