摘要:
随着"互联网+"行动战略等一系列政策的出台,互联网+回收模式得到了快速的发展,为废弃电器电子产品(Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment,WEEE)的回收利用和循环经济的发展提供了新契机。文章系统梳理了互联网+WEEE回收模式的回收渠道及发展历程和特点,阐释了影响其发展的利益相关者间逻辑关联的相互作用:企业自身缺点局限了回收能力,政府职能缺失和消费者参与不足进一步加剧了企业困境,最终导致了企业盈利规模小,回收能力不足以带动整个产业规模化发展。从回收企业、消费者和政府3个核心利益相关者的视角出发,通过逆向推理列出突破制约的主要条件,基于经济、共享、生态和安全4个原则,设计出由核心利益相关者协同合作,兼顾回收、监督和宣教3个功能,可行性程度高、成本较小的政府主导型回收路径,并建议开展线上的统一回收平台和线下以社区为主布局智能回收设备或回收站点的建设试点。
Abstract:
With enforcing a series of policies such as the "Internet + "Action Strategy, the "Internet + Recycling" has emerged and developed rapidly during the past few years in China, which provided a new opportunity to improve the recycling efficiency of Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment (WEEE) and accelerated the circular economy. Different recycling channels, typical cases, current situation, commonness and characteristics of the "Internet + WEEE Recycling "were summarized and interactions of logical relationship between stakeholders affecting their development were illustrated in this paper. It was pointed out that the capacity of "Internet + WEEE Recycling" was restricted by enterprises own shortcomings and enterprise troubles were aggravated due to deficiency of government functions and insufficient consumer participation, which leaded to small corporate earnings and low recycling capacity that can not drive the scale development of the whole industry. From the perspective of three core stakeholders such as the WEEE-recyclers, consumers and the government, the main conditions for breaking through the present constraints were listed by use of backward inference based on the four principles of low cost, channel & information-sharing, ecological environment protection and informative safety. The government-oriented recycling path was designed by mutual cooperation between core stakeholders, which combined the functions of recycling, supervising, propaganda and education and had the characteristic of high feasibility and low cost. At the same time, it was suggested that the online unified WEEE recycling platform and the offline intelligent recycling facilities/the recycling sites operated by the WEEE recycling enterprises in the communities should be constructed in pilot scale.
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