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中华绒螯蟹天然海水土池生态育苗水环境因子变化特征初步研究

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王璞, 马旭洲, 张文博, 王高龙, 杨永超, 陈军伟, 温旭, 张勇, 周桢. 中华绒螯蟹天然海水土池生态育苗水环境因子变化特征初步研究[J]. 环境化学, 2020, (12): 3425-3435. doi: 10.7524/j.issn.0254-6108.2019090401
引用本文: 王璞, 马旭洲, 张文博, 王高龙, 杨永超, 陈军伟, 温旭, 张勇, 周桢. 中华绒螯蟹天然海水土池生态育苗水环境因子变化特征初步研究[J]. 环境化学, 2020, (12): 3425-3435. doi: 10.7524/j.issn.0254-6108.2019090401
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WANG Pu, MA Xuzhou, ZHANG Wenbo, WANG Gaolong, YANG Yongchao, CHEN Junwei, WEN Xu, ZHANG Yong, ZHOU Zhen. Preliminary study on the variation characteristics of water quality factors of natural soil culture of Eriocheir Sinensis[J]. Environmental Chemistry, 2020, (12): 3425-3435. doi: 10.7524/j.issn.0254-6108.2019090401
Citation: WANG Pu, MA Xuzhou, ZHANG Wenbo, WANG Gaolong, YANG Yongchao, CHEN Junwei, WEN Xu, ZHANG Yong, ZHOU Zhen. Preliminary study on the variation characteristics of water quality factors of natural soil culture of Eriocheir Sinensis[J]. Environmental Chemistry, 2020, (12): 3425-3435. doi: 10.7524/j.issn.0254-6108.2019090401
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中华绒螯蟹天然海水土池生态育苗水环境因子变化特征初步研究

  • 上海海洋大学, 水产科学国家级实验教学示范中心/农业农村部淡水水产种质资源重点实验室/上海水产养殖工程技术研究中心/水产动物遗传育种中心上海市协同创新中心, 上海, 201306

    • 通讯作者: 张文博, E-mail: wb-zhang@shou.edu.cn ; 
  • 基金项目:

    上海市现代农业产业技术体系[沪农科产字（2018）第4号]和水产动物遗传育种中心上海市协同创新中心项目（ZF1206）资助.

Preliminary study on the variation characteristics of water quality factors of natural soil culture of Eriocheir Sinensis

  • NationaL Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Dducation/Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Germplasm Resources, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Aquaculture/Shanghai Collaborative Innovation for Aquatic Animal Genetics and Breeding, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China

    • Corresponding author: ZHANG Wenbo, wb-zhang@shou.edu.cn ; 
  • Fund Project: Supported by Shanghai Modern Agricultural Industry Technology System[Chinese characters of Shanghai Agricultural Sciences (2018) No. Four] and Aquatic Animal Genetics and Breeding Center Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center Project(ZF1206).

  • 摘要: 2013—2016年育苗期，在江苏射阳中华绒螯蟹良种"江海21"育苗基地选取3口育苗池塘与蓄水池，进行水温、溶解氧、盐度、pH、氮、磷、COD等指标的监测和蟹苗产量统计，研究中华绒螯蟹天然海水土池生态育苗水环境因子的变化特征.四年育苗期，年均水温17.0℃以上，随育苗天数增加呈上升趋势.溶解氧高于5.0 mg·L-1，溶解氧饱和度变化范围为110.47%—70.12%，随育苗天数增加呈下降趋势.盐度为23.2—26.5，育苗池盐度始终略高于蓄水池，二者无显著差异（P>0.05）.pH值为8.34—8.68.氨氮为0.013—0.078 mg·L-1、亚硝态氮为0.003—0.023 mg·L-1、硝态氮为0.016—0.110 mg·L-1、总氮为0.218—0.860 mg·L-1，无机磷为0.010—0.038 mg·L-1，总磷为0.103—0.339 mg·L-1.营养盐变化随育苗天数增加呈上升趋势，但均处于较低水平.COD为0.897—2.793 mg·L-1，随育苗天数增加呈上升趋势，育苗后期符合二类海水标准（COD<3 mg·L-1）.育苗池单位面积产量为437.70—717.00 kg·hm-2，呈逐年上升趋势.结果表明，射阳中华绒螯蟹育苗基地天然海水水温、盐度、pH适宜，溶氧充足，氮、磷和COD均满足河蟹育苗要求.结合产量分析，射阳育苗基地现有生产模式下的育苗产量尚有提高潜力.
    Abstract: Three seedling-raising ponds and water storage ponds were selected for the experiment during the seedling-raising period from 2013 to 2016. The experimental site was the seedling-raising base of Eriocheir sinensis in Sheyang County, Jiangsu Province, China. The improved variety "Jianghai 21" was bred in the seedling-raising base of Eriocheir sinensis. This experiment monitored water quality indexes such as water temperature, dissolved oxygen, salinity, pH, nitrogen, phosphorus and COD, and counted the yield of crab seedlings, so as to study the changes of water quality factors of natural sea water soil pond of Eriocheir sinensis. The average annual water temperature of seedling-raising period was above 17.0 ℃, and increased with the number of days of seedling-raising. The dissolved oxygen content was higher than 5.0 mg·L-1, and the saturation of dissolved oxygen was 110.47%—70.12%. It decreased with the days of seedling raising. Salinity was 23.2—26.5, and the salinity of nursery pond was always slightly higher than that of storage pond, there was no significant difference between them (P > 0.05). The pH was 8.34—8.68. Ammonia nitrogen was 0.013—0.078 mg·L-1, nitrite nitrogen was 0.003—0.023 mg·L-1, nitrate nitrogen was 0.016—0.110 mg·L-1, total nitrogen was 0.218—0.860 mg·L-1, inorganic phosphorus was 0.010—0.038 mg·L-1 and total phosphorus was 0.103—0.339 mg·L-1. Nutrient increased with the number of days of seedling raising, but all were at a lower level. COD was 0.897—2.793 mg·L-1, it increased with the number of days of seedling raising. At the later stage of seedling growth, COD was in line with the second class seawater standard (COD < 3 mg·L-1). The yield of seedling pond was 437.70—717.00 kg·hm-2, showing an upward trend year by year. The results showed that all water quality indexes of the test site met the requirements of crab breeding. Combining the change of water quality index with the yield, it was concluded that the seedling yield under the current production mode in this area still had the potential to improve.
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  • 收稿日期:  2019-09-04
王璞, 马旭洲, 张文博, 王高龙, 杨永超, 陈军伟, 温旭, 张勇, 周桢. 中华绒螯蟹天然海水土池生态育苗水环境因子变化特征初步研究[J]. 环境化学, 2020, (12): 3425-3435. doi: 10.7524/j.issn.0254-6108.2019090401
引用本文: 王璞, 马旭洲, 张文博, 王高龙, 杨永超, 陈军伟, 温旭, 张勇, 周桢. 中华绒螯蟹天然海水土池生态育苗水环境因子变化特征初步研究[J]. 环境化学, 2020, (12): 3425-3435. doi: 10.7524/j.issn.0254-6108.2019090401
shu
WANG Pu, MA Xuzhou, ZHANG Wenbo, WANG Gaolong, YANG Yongchao, CHEN Junwei, WEN Xu, ZHANG Yong, ZHOU Zhen. Preliminary study on the variation characteristics of water quality factors of natural soil culture of Eriocheir Sinensis[J]. Environmental Chemistry, 2020, (12): 3425-3435. doi: 10.7524/j.issn.0254-6108.2019090401
Citation: WANG Pu, MA Xuzhou, ZHANG Wenbo, WANG Gaolong, YANG Yongchao, CHEN Junwei, WEN Xu, ZHANG Yong, ZHOU Zhen. Preliminary study on the variation characteristics of water quality factors of natural soil culture of Eriocheir Sinensis[J]. Environmental Chemistry, 2020, (12): 3425-3435. doi: 10.7524/j.issn.0254-6108.2019090401
shu

中华绒螯蟹天然海水土池生态育苗水环境因子变化特征初步研究

    通讯作者: 张文博, E-mail: wb-zhang@shou.edu.cn ; 
  • 上海海洋大学, 水产科学国家级实验教学示范中心/农业农村部淡水水产种质资源重点实验室/上海水产养殖工程技术研究中心/水产动物遗传育种中心上海市协同创新中心, 上海, 201306
  • 收稿日期:  2019-09-04
基金项目:

上海市现代农业产业技术体系[沪农科产字（2018）第4号]和水产动物遗传育种中心上海市协同创新中心项目（ZF1206）资助.

摘要: 2013—2016年育苗期，在江苏射阳中华绒螯蟹良种"江海21"育苗基地选取3口育苗池塘与蓄水池，进行水温、溶解氧、盐度、pH、氮、磷、COD等指标的监测和蟹苗产量统计，研究中华绒螯蟹天然海水土池生态育苗水环境因子的变化特征.四年育苗期，年均水温17.0℃以上，随育苗天数增加呈上升趋势.溶解氧高于5.0 mg·L-1，溶解氧饱和度变化范围为110.47%—70.12%，随育苗天数增加呈下降趋势.盐度为23.2—26.5，育苗池盐度始终略高于蓄水池，二者无显著差异（P>0.05）.pH值为8.34—8.68.氨氮为0.013—0.078 mg·L-1、亚硝态氮为0.003—0.023 mg·L-1、硝态氮为0.016—0.110 mg·L-1、总氮为0.218—0.860 mg·L-1，无机磷为0.010—0.038 mg·L-1，总磷为0.103—0.339 mg·L-1.营养盐变化随育苗天数增加呈上升趋势，但均处于较低水平.COD为0.897—2.793 mg·L-1，随育苗天数增加呈上升趋势，育苗后期符合二类海水标准（COD<3 mg·L-1）.育苗池单位面积产量为437.70—717.00 kg·hm-2，呈逐年上升趋势.结果表明，射阳中华绒螯蟹育苗基地天然海水水温、盐度、pH适宜，溶氧充足，氮、磷和COD均满足河蟹育苗要求.结合产量分析，射阳育苗基地现有生产模式下的育苗产量尚有提高潜力.

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