Ca2+添加对微生物矿化固结Cd2+的影响
Effect of Ca2+ addition on microbial mineralization and consolidation of Cd2+
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摘要: 微生物诱导碳酸盐沉淀（MICP）可将游离的重金属离子转化为稳定的矿化物，在修复土壤重金属污染方面具有广阔的应用前景.本研究从铜陵矿区周边土壤中筛选得到1株产脲酶且耐镉矿化菌株CZW-1，16S rDNA鉴定为芽孢杆菌（Bacillus sp.），并将其利用于添加外源Ca2+的矿化固结Cd2+实验中.通过扫描电镜（SEM）、傅立叶红外光谱（FT-IR）以及X射线衍射（XRD）对矿化产物进行表征和分析.结果表明，添加一定浓度的Ca2+可促进细菌的生长，其最佳浓度为20 mmol·L-1.且Ca2+的添加可提高细菌的最小抑制浓度和促进脲酶活性，提高对Cd2+的矿化率，加钙前后的矿化率由68.93%提高到75.95%.通过对矿化物的定性分析，可知加钙前后的矿物沉淀由单一CdCO3变为CdCO3和CaCO3的复合沉淀，其表面也由严密紧实变成填满了小颗粒CdCO3的多孔状.Abstract: Microbially induced carbonate precipitation (MICP) can transform free heavy metal ions into stable precipitation and has a broad application prospect in remediation of soil heavy metal pollution. In this study, a urease-producing and cadmium-tolerant strain CZW-1 was screened from heavy metal contaminated soil in Tongling mine area, and which was identified as Bacillus sp. by 16S rDNA sequences and used in Cd2+ mineralization experiments with and without the addition of Ca2+. The mineralization precipitation was characterized and analyzed by Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The results showed that adding a certain concentration of Ca2+ could promote the growth of bacteria, and the optimal concentration was 20 mmol·L-1. Moreover, the addition of Ca2+ could improve the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) and the urease activity of the isolate, and increase the mineralization rates of Cd2+ from 68.93% to 75.95% without and with the addition of Ca2+. Through the qualitative analysis of the mineral precipitation, it was found that the mineral precipitation without and with the addition of Ca2+ changed from a single CdCO3 precipitation to a composite precipitation of CdCO3 and CaCO3, and the surface also changed from a tight and compact state to a porous state filled with small particles of CdCO3.
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Key words:
- biomineralization /
- MICP /
- soil remediation /
- heavy metal cadmium
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