天然水中离子对消毒过程中挥发性卤代烃生成的影响
EFFECTS OF IONS IN NATUARAL WATER ON FORMATION OF HALOFORMS DURING CHLORINATION OF DRINKING WATER
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摘要: 以天然水中的腐殖酸为研究对象,用其活性片段苯二酚和天然水做对比,研究了氯化过程中挥发性卤代烃的生成机理,并分析了天然水体中常见离子对氯化反应的影响.结果表明,氯化过程中三卤甲烷和三卤乙烷是稳定产物,随着反应时间和加氯量的增加产生量增加;烯烃为不稳定的中间产物,实验过程中偶尔有检出;1,1,2,2-四氯乙烷为相对稳定的中间产物,随着反应时间和加氯量的增加先增加而后减少.天然水中的溴离子对挥发性卤代烃的生成有一定的促进作用;铵离子和镁离子对氯化产物有不同程度的抑制作用;碳酸根离子对不同的挥发性卤代烃产物有不同的影响.Abstract: A series of experiments were conducted to investigate the formation of volatile halogenated organics and the effect of ions in natural water on the reaction between humic acid and sodium hypochlorite.Trihalomethanes and trihaloethanes are stable products,increase with the increase of reaction time and chlorine amount.Chloroethenes are unstable products,and are detected occasionally.The amount of 1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane increases firstly and then decreases with the reaction time and chlorine amount.Bromine in the reaction system not only contributes to the increase of brominated species,but also total halogenated organics.Ammonium and magnesium decrease the production of haloforms.However,carbonate has different effects on various haloforms.
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Key words:
- humic acid /
- ions /
- natural water /
- volatile halogenated organics
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