南运河生态修复水体有机污染物的污染特征
Pollution characteristics of organic pollutants in the ecologically restored water of South Canal
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摘要: 通过向水体投加高效微生物净水剂和生物复合酶生态修复南运河受污染水体.为研究南运河生态修复水体中持久性有机氯农药(Organochlorine pesticides, OCPs)、多环芳烃(Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, PAHs)和有机磷农药(Organophosphorus pesticide, OPPs)污染特征,监测了南运河及生态修复试验河道水体中15种OCPs、17种PAHs和18种OPPs的含量.结果表明,南运河水体及试验河道表层水体中共检测出3种六六六类(Hexachlorocyclohexanes, HCHs)污染物,分别是α-六氯环己烷(α-HCH)、β-六氯环己烷(β-HCH)和林丹(γ-HCH),OCPs总量变化范围是1.11-1.78 ng·L-1;共检测出萘(Naphthalene, Nap)、苊(Acenaphthene, AcP)、苊烯(Acenaphthylene, AcPy)等11种PAHs, PAHs总量变化范围是52.76-60.28 ng·L-1;共检测出3种OPPs,分别是甲胺磷(Methamidophos, MTP)、敌敌畏(Dichlorvos, DDVP)、和甲基异柳磷(Isofenphos-methyl, IPM),OPPs总量变化范围是6.51-17.50 ng·L-1.微生物净水剂和生物复合酶的投加基本上不能降解水体中的OCPs和PAHs,而对水体中OPPs的降解有一定作用,降解率在19.6%-62.8%之间,平均降解率为35.2%.高效微生物净水剂和生物复合酶降解河道水体中持久性OCPs、PAHs和OPPs的机理有待进一步研究,该技术对河流、湖泊有机污染物生态修复实际应用具有一定的借鉴作用.Abstract: Ecological restoration of polluted water was carried out in South Canal by adding microbial water purifying agent and biological compound enzyme. In order to evaluate the pollution characteristics of persistent organochlorine pesticides(OCPs), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs) and organophosphorus pesticides(OPPs) in the ecologically restored area of South Canal, the contents of fifteen OCPs, seventeen PAHs and eighteen OPPs were analyzed. Results showed that the total concentrations of three OCPs including α-HCH, β-HCH and γ-HCH ranged from 1.11 to 1.78 ng·L-1, eleven PAHs from 52.76 to 60.28 ng·L-1, and three OPPs including methamidophos, dichlorvos and isofenphos-methyl from 6.51 to 17.50 ng·L-1. Microbial water purifying agent and biological compound enzyme essentially had no effects on biological degradation of OCPs and PAHs in the river, but degraded OPPs with rates between 19.6% and 62.8%(35.2% in average). Degradation mechanisms of microbial water purifying agent and biological compound enzyme on OCPs, PAHs and OPPs remain to be further studied. This technology has certain value in practical ecological restoration of organic pollutants in rivers and lakes.
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