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拜耳赤泥中镓的酸法浸出及残渣的除氟

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路坊海, 肖唐付, 梁杰, 伍玉娇, 黄芳, 龙琼, 肖立华, 刘冰, 周登凤, 曾英. 拜耳赤泥中镓的酸法浸出及残渣的除氟[J]. 环境工程学报, 2017, 11(12): 6415-6420. doi: 10.12030/j.cjee.201702147
引用本文: 路坊海, 肖唐付, 梁杰, 伍玉娇, 黄芳, 龙琼, 肖立华, 刘冰, 周登凤, 曾英. 拜耳赤泥中镓的酸法浸出及残渣的除氟[J]. 环境工程学报, 2017, 11(12): 6415-6420. doi: 10.12030/j.cjee.201702147
shu
LU Fanghai, XIAO Tangfu, LIANG Jie, WU Yujiao, HUANG Fang, LONG Qiong, XIAO Lihua, LIU Bing, ZHOU Dengfeng, ZENG Ying. Leaching gallium from Bayer red mud by acid process and removing fluoride from solution with leaching residues[J]. Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering, 2017, 11(12): 6415-6420. doi: 10.12030/j.cjee.201702147
Citation: LU Fanghai, XIAO Tangfu, LIANG Jie, WU Yujiao, HUANG Fang, LONG Qiong, XIAO Lihua, LIU Bing, ZHOU Dengfeng, ZENG Ying. Leaching gallium from Bayer red mud by acid process and removing fluoride from solution with leaching residues[J]. Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering, 2017, 11(12): 6415-6420. doi: 10.12030/j.cjee.201702147
shu

拜耳赤泥中镓的酸法浸出及残渣的除氟

  • 1.

    贵州理工学院材料与冶金工程学院, 贵阳 550003

  • 2.

    中国科学院地球化学研究所环境地球化学国家重点实验室, 贵阳 550081

  • 3.

    中国科学院大学, 北京 100049

  • 基金项目:

    国家自然科学基金资助项目（551664010，51664009，51664008）

    贵州省科学技术基金项目（黔科合J字[2014]2083号，黔科合LH字[2016]7095）

  • 中图分类号: X705

Leaching gallium from Bayer red mud by acid process and removing fluoride from solution with leaching residues

  • 1.

    School of Materials and Metallurgical Engineering, Guizhou Institute of Technology, Guiyang 550003, China

  • 2.

    State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, CAS, Guiyang 550081, China

  • 3.

    University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China

  • Fund Project:

  • 摘要: 贵州铝土矿资源普遍富含镓元素，拜耳法工艺中，约70%的镓随氧化铝同时溶出，其余30%残存于赤泥中未回收直接外排，造成镓资源的严重浪费。采用酸法工艺浸出拜耳赤泥中镓金属，设计4因素3水平L9（34）正交实验，考察盐酸添加量、浸出温度、浸出时间和液固比对镓浸出效果的交互影响规律，并测试了浸出残渣对含氟水处理性能。结果表明：影响镓浸出率因素的主次顺序依次为盐酸添加量、浸出温度、液固比和浸出时间；最适宜浸出条件为盐酸过量系数1.2，浸出温度70℃，浸出时间3 h，液固比8 mL·g-1；该条件下，镓的浸出率为94.92%，浸出溶液含Ga 3.91 mg·L-1；除氟实验得出最佳除氟条件为，残渣添加量25 g·L-1，pH=4.7，接触时间6 h，旋转速率200 r·min-1；室温下进行3组平行实验，平均除氟率为57.54%，表明浸出残渣具有一定的除氟性能。
    Abstract: Guizhou bauxite ores are generally rich in gallium element, in Bayer process approximately 70% of gallium, occurring as Ga2O3 in bauxite, is dissolved out and accumulates in Bayer liquor, the other of 30% undissolved Ga of the ores left in red mud without treatment, resulting in significant waste of gallium resources. In the present study, the gallium in red mud was investigated by employing four-factor three-level L9(34) orthogonal experiments with hydrochloric acid leaching process. Moreover the property of leaching residues for removal fluoride from solution were examined. The results were as following:leaching tests:the priority of factors affecting on the gallium leaching from red mud follows hydrochloric acid addition amount>leaching temperature>liquid-solid ratio>leaching time. The leaching of gallium was maximum of 94.92% while the corresponding Ga3+ concentration in leaching solution was 3.91 mg·L-1 in complementation tests under the optimal condition which was determined for 50 g of red mud as hydrochloric acid excessive coefficient of 1.2, leaching temperature of 70℃, liquid-solid ratio of 8 mL·g-1 for 3 h. Removal fluoride tests:an average removal efficiency for fluoride was 57.54% under the conditions of leaching residues 25 g·L-1 at pH=4.7 for 6 h with 200 r·min-1 in room temperature, which showed that the leaching residues exhibited a good removal performance for fluoride solution treatment.
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  • 收稿日期:  2017-06-26
  • 刊出日期:  2017-12-07
路坊海, 肖唐付, 梁杰, 伍玉娇, 黄芳, 龙琼, 肖立华, 刘冰, 周登凤, 曾英. 拜耳赤泥中镓的酸法浸出及残渣的除氟[J]. 环境工程学报, 2017, 11(12): 6415-6420. doi: 10.12030/j.cjee.201702147
引用本文: 路坊海, 肖唐付, 梁杰, 伍玉娇, 黄芳, 龙琼, 肖立华, 刘冰, 周登凤, 曾英. 拜耳赤泥中镓的酸法浸出及残渣的除氟[J]. 环境工程学报, 2017, 11(12): 6415-6420. doi: 10.12030/j.cjee.201702147
shu
LU Fanghai, XIAO Tangfu, LIANG Jie, WU Yujiao, HUANG Fang, LONG Qiong, XIAO Lihua, LIU Bing, ZHOU Dengfeng, ZENG Ying. Leaching gallium from Bayer red mud by acid process and removing fluoride from solution with leaching residues[J]. Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering, 2017, 11(12): 6415-6420. doi: 10.12030/j.cjee.201702147
Citation: LU Fanghai, XIAO Tangfu, LIANG Jie, WU Yujiao, HUANG Fang, LONG Qiong, XIAO Lihua, LIU Bing, ZHOU Dengfeng, ZENG Ying. Leaching gallium from Bayer red mud by acid process and removing fluoride from solution with leaching residues[J]. Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering, 2017, 11(12): 6415-6420. doi: 10.12030/j.cjee.201702147
shu

拜耳赤泥中镓的酸法浸出及残渣的除氟

  • 1.  贵州理工学院材料与冶金工程学院, 贵阳 550003
  • 2.  中国科学院地球化学研究所环境地球化学国家重点实验室, 贵阳 550081
  • 3.  中国科学院大学, 北京 100049
  • 收稿日期:  2017-06-26
基金项目:

国家自然科学基金资助项目（551664010，51664009，51664008）

贵州省科学技术基金项目（黔科合J字[2014]2083号，黔科合LH字[2016]7095）

摘要: 贵州铝土矿资源普遍富含镓元素，拜耳法工艺中，约70%的镓随氧化铝同时溶出，其余30%残存于赤泥中未回收直接外排，造成镓资源的严重浪费。采用酸法工艺浸出拜耳赤泥中镓金属，设计4因素3水平L9（34）正交实验，考察盐酸添加量、浸出温度、浸出时间和液固比对镓浸出效果的交互影响规律，并测试了浸出残渣对含氟水处理性能。结果表明：影响镓浸出率因素的主次顺序依次为盐酸添加量、浸出温度、液固比和浸出时间；最适宜浸出条件为盐酸过量系数1.2，浸出温度70℃，浸出时间3 h，液固比8 mL·g-1；该条件下，镓的浸出率为94.92%，浸出溶液含Ga 3.91 mg·L-1；除氟实验得出最佳除氟条件为，残渣添加量25 g·L-1，pH=4.7，接触时间6 h，旋转速率200 r·min-1；室温下进行3组平行实验，平均除氟率为57.54%，表明浸出残渣具有一定的除氟性能。

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