环境污染物造成鱼类视觉缺陷的研究进展
Advances in Visual Impairment Caused by Environmental Pollutants in Fish
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摘要: 多溴联苯醚、重金属、双酚类化合物和农药等环境污染物在多种环境介质中广泛被检出,众多研究表明视觉缺陷的发生也与环境污染物的广泛存在密切相关。视觉系统的正常发育和视觉功能的形成对鱼类摄食、集群和繁殖等生命活动具有重要作用,而视觉缺陷将会影响其生存和种群稳定,因此环境污染物所产生的视觉缺陷备受研究者关注。本文以鱼类的眼睛发育、视觉转导和视觉行为等方面为指标,对几类常见的环境污染物(多环芳烃、多氯联苯、多溴联苯醚、重金属、双酚类化合物及其衍生物和农药等)所造成的视觉毒性效应及机制研究做了综合阐述,期望为今后进一步探究环境污染物的视觉毒性作用及其安全性评价提供更多理论参考。Abstract: Environmental pollutants including polybrominated diphenyl ethers, heavy metals, bisphenols and pesticides have been widely detected in various environmental medias, and increasing evidences have shown that development of certain visual defects are positively correlated with the exposure to these environmental chemicals. In fish, the normal development of visual system and visual function are essential for many physical functions such as feeding, clustering, and reproduction, while the visual deficiency may probably affect its survival and population stability. Accordingly, increasing concern has been focused on the visual impairment caused by environmental pollutants. Advances in studies about visual toxicity of several kinds of environmental pollutants (polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, polychlorinated biphenyls, polybrominated diphenyl ethers, heavy metals, bisphenols and pesticides) were reviewed in this paper, including effects on fish ocular development, visual transduction and visual behaviour, with an emphasis on the underlying mechanisms. Overall, this review would help to further investigate the visual toxicity and provide more theoretical reference for evaluating the safety of environmental pollutants.
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Key words:
- environmental pollutants /
- fish /
- visual impairment /
- toxic mechanism
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