九龙江和厦门西港近岸表层沉积物中汞的赋存形态及生态风险评价
Speciation and ecological risk of mercury in the nearshore surface sediments from Jiulong River and Western Xiamen Bay
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摘要: 测定了九龙江和厦门西港44个近岸表层沉积物中总汞含量及不同赋存形态汞的含量,分析了汞的分布特征、赋存形态、生物有效性和潜在生态风险.结果表明,表层沉积物中总汞平均含量(mg·kg-1)顺序为:九龙江北溪(0.174) >九龙江河口(0.172) >九龙江西溪(0.132) >厦门西港(0.095),分别为福建省土壤元素背景值的2.15、2.12、1.63和1.17倍.九龙江北溪、西溪、河口和厦门西港表层沉积物中生物有效态汞比例分别为54.7%、32.5%、38.2%和39.4%.地质累积指数法、潜在生态风险指数法和次生相与原生相分布比值法评价结果表明,九龙江和厦门西港近岸表层沉积物中汞主要为轻度污染,存在中等—较高潜在生态风险.需对汞污染进行综合防治.Abstract: Total and speciation contents of mercury were determined to evaluate the distribution, speciation, bioavailability and potential ecological risk of mercury in the 44 nearshore surface sediments collected from Jiulong River and Western Xiamen Bay. The results showed that the average contents (mg·kg-1) of total mercury in the surface sediments followed the order of North creek (0.174) > Estuary (0.172) > Western creek (0.132) > Western Xiamen Bay (0.095), which were 2.15, 2.12, 1.63 and 1.17 times of the background values of Fujian soil, respectively. The proportion of bioavailable mercury in the surface sediments of North creek, Western creek, Estuary and Western Xiamen Bay were 54.7%, 32.5%, 38.2% and 39.4% respectively. The assessment results of geo-accumulation index, potential ecological risk and ratio of secondary phase to primary phase indicated that the pollution degree of mercury was mainly mild pollution but the potential ecological risk of mercury was from moderate to considerably high. Thus, comprehensive measures should be taken to control the mercury pollution in Jiulong River and Western Xiamen Bay.
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Key words:
- mercury /
- speciation /
- ecological risk /
- surface sediments /
- Jiulong River /
- Western Xiamen Bay
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