城市和电子垃圾拆解区室内灰尘中溴代阻燃剂(BFRs)的浓度和生物有效性
Concentrations and bioaccessibility of brominated flame retardants (BFRs) in indoor dust from a megacity and an e-waste recycling site
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摘要: 本文以广州市区和电子垃圾拆解区室内灰尘为研究对象，分析不同粒径（50—2000 μm）灰尘中溴代阻燃剂（brominated flame retardants，BFRs）的浓度、组成和生物有效性.广州市区灰尘中BFRs以十溴二苯乙烷（decabromodiphenyl ethane，DBDPE）（4930—7280 ng·g-1）为主，电子垃圾拆解区以十溴联苯醚（polybrominated diphenyl ether 209，BDE209）（5570—602600 ng·g-1）为主.对比研究结果发现，城市灰尘中BFRs的分布无粒径差异，而电子垃圾拆解区最细粒径灰尘中BFRs含量最高.广州市区灰尘中BFRs生物有效性随化合物的lg Kow增加而降低.电子垃圾拆解区灰尘生物有效性显著低于市区灰尘，表明在电子垃圾拆解区灰尘中电子垃圾碎片的存在很大程度上降低了BFRs的生物有效性.人体暴露评估结果显示，广州市区人体暴露风险低于电子垃圾拆解区暴露风险.Abstract: In the present study, the concentrations and bioaccessibility of brominated flame retardants (BFRs) were measured in different sizes (50 to 2000 μm) of indoor dust collected from a megacity, Guangzhou, and an e-waste recycling site. Decabromodiphenyl ethane (DBDPE) (4930-7280 ng·g-1) and brominated diphenyl ether 209 (BDE209) (5570-602600 ng·g-1) were the main chemicals in the dust from Guangzhou and the e-waste site, respectively. The levels and compositions of BFRs were consistent in different fractions of dust from Guangzhou. The highest concentrations of BFRs were found in the finest fraction of dust from the e-waste site. The bioaccessibility of BFRs in the dust from Guangzhou decreased with increasing lg Kow of FRs. The bioaccessibility values of most BFRs in the dust from the e-waste site were much lower than those in the dust from Guangzhou, indicating low bioaccessibility in the components of dust, such as e-waste debris, from the e-waste site. The human exposure risks of BFRs in the dust from Guangzhou were generally lower than those in the dust from the e-waste site.
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Key words:
- brominated flame retardants /
- indoor dust /
- e-waste /
- bioaccessibility /
- human exposure
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