考虑物种权重校验保护太湖水生生物的铅基准
Weighted species sensitivity distribution method to derive site-specific quality criteria of lead for protection of aquatic life in Tai Lake
-
摘要: 铅是一种有毒重金属元素,位列我国水中优先控制污染物"黑名单".我国水系众多,水生生物多样,研究保护区域水生生物的铅基准十分必要.太湖作为中国周边经济最发达、大中城市最密集且污染最严重的淡水湖泊之一,本研究选取8种太湖本土水生生物实验补充铅的急性毒性数据并两步外推得到慢性毒性数据.结合文献建立铅的本土毒性数据库,基于水体硬度对铅毒性的影响,建立硬度和毒性关系.考虑太湖生物区系和水质特征,采用物种权重敏感度分布方法,得到保护太湖水生生物铅的最大浓度基准值(CMC)和持续浓度基准值(CCC)值分别为50.04-58.87 μg·L-1和3.99-4.69 μg·L-1;现行地表水铅的Ⅲ类标准限值(50 μg·L-1)下受铅急性毒性和慢性毒性影响的生物比例分别为4.42%和23.00%.
-
关键词:
- 铅 /
- 硬度校正 /
- 物种权重敏感度分布 /
- 最大浓度基准值(CMC) /
- 持续浓度基准值(CCC)
Abstract: Lead is a toxic heavy metal and has been included in the "black list" of priority pollutants in water in China. It is necessary to establish a regional water quality benchmark for lead which aims at protecting resident aquatic life because of the numerous water systems and the diversity of aquatic organisms in China. Tai Lake is one of the most developed economies, most densely populated area and most polluted freshwater lakes in China. Eight native aquatic species were selected to construct acute toxicity tests to supplement the acute toxicity data of lead and further extrapolate chronic toxicity data. The toxicity database of lead of aquatic organisms in Tai Lake was established based on literature and then a relationship between water hardness and toxicity was constructed because hardness affects the biotoxicity of lead. The derived criterion maximum concentration (CMC) and criterion continuous concentration (CCC) for lead in Tai Lake were 50.04-58.87 μg·L-1 and 3.99-4.69 μg·L-1, respectively, using the weighted species sensitivity distribution method in consideration of taxonomic groups and water characteristics in Tai Lake. Besides, the proportion of organisms affected by the acute and chronic toxicity of lead derived from weighted species sensitivity distribution was 4.42% and 23.00% under the class III standard limit (50.00 μg·L-1) of lead. -
[1] NRIAGU J O. Global inventory of natural and anthropogenic emissions of trace metals to the atmosphere[J]. Nature, 1979, 279:409-411. [2] 王菲,廖静,茅丹俊,等. 中国典型河湖水体铅的水生生物安全基准与生态风险评价[J]. 生态毒理学报,2017,12(3):434-445. WANG F, LIAO J, MAO J D, et al. Aquatic quality criteria and ecological risk assessment for lead in typical waters of China[J]. Asian Journal of Ecotoxicology, 2017, 12(3):434-445(in Chinese).
[3] BURDEN V M, SANDHEINRICH M B,CALDWELL C A. Effects of lead on the growth and delta-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase activity of juvenile rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss[J]. Environmental Pollution (Barking, Essex:1987), 1998,101(2):285-289. [4] 行文珍. 重金属铅、铬对泥鳅的组织学损伤与遗传毒性效应[D].延安:延安大学,2016. XING W Z. Histological damage and genotoxic effect of plumbum and chromium in Misgurnus anguillicaudatus[D]. Yan'an:Yan'an University, 2016(in Chinese). [5] 周文敏,傅德黔,孙宗光. 中国水中优先控制污染物黑名单的确定[J]. 环境科学研究,1991,4(6):10-12. ZHOU W M, FU D Q, SUN C G. Determination of blacklist of priority pollutants in water in China[J]. Research of Environmental Sciences, 1991, 4(6):10-12(in Chinese).
[6] United States Environmental Protection Agency (US EPA). Ambient Water Quality Criteria(Series)[R]. Washington DC:USEPA, 1980. [7] 雷炳莉,金小伟,黄圣彪,等. 太湖流域3种氯酚类化合物水质基准的探讨[J]. 生态毒理学报,2009,4(1):40-49. LEI B L, JIN X W, HUANF S B, et al. Discussion of quality criteria for three chlorophenols in Taihu Lake[J]. Asian Journal of Ecotoxicology, 2009, 4(1):40-49(in Chinese).
[8] United States Environmental Protection Agency (US EPA). Guidelines for Deriving Numerical National Water Quality Criteria for the Protection of Aquatic Organisms and Their Uses (PB 85-227049)[R]. Washington DC:US EPA, 1985. [9] 何丽,蔡靳,高富,等. 铅水生生物基准研究与初步应用[J]. 环境科学与技术,2014,37(4):31-37 ,95. HE L, CAI J, GAO F, et al. Studies of freshwater aquatic life water ambient quality criteria for lead and their tentative application to risk assessment[J]. Environment Science & Technology, 2014,37(4):31-37, 95(in Chinese).
[10] 赵芊渊,侯俊,王超,等. 应用概率物种敏感度分布法研究太湖重金属水生生物水质基准[J]. 生态毒理学报,2015,10(6):121-128. ZHAO Q Y, HOU J, WANG C, et al. Deriving aquatic water quality criteria for heavy metals in Taihu Lake by probabilistic species sensitivity distribution[J]. Asian Journal of Ecotoxicology, 2015, 10(6):121-128(in Chinese).
[11] FORBES V E, CALOW P. Species sensitivity distributions revisited:A critical appraisal[J]. Human and Ecological Risk Assessment, 2002, 8(3):473-492. [12] SHI R, YANG C H, SU R H, et al. Weighted species sensitivity distribution method to derive site-specific quality criteria for copper in Tai Lake, China[J]. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 2014, 21(22):12968-12978. [13] CHEN Y, YU S Y, TANG S, ET AL. Site-specific water quality criteria for aquatic ecosystems:A case study of pentachlorophenol for Tai Lake, China[J]. Science of the Total Environment, 2016, 541:65-73. [14] HEMANDO M D, MEZCUA M, FEMANDEZ-Alba A R, et al. Environmental risk assessment of pharmaceutical residues in wastewater effluents, surface waters and sediments[J]. Talanta, 2006, 69(2):334-342. [15] United States Environmental Protection Agency (US EPA). 2001 Update of Ambient Water Quality Criteria for Cadmium[R]. Washington DC:Office of Water, 2001. [16] 石慧,冯承莲,黄虹,等. 铝对水生生物的毒性与硬度的相关关系探讨[J]. 生态毒理学报,2016,11(1):141-152. SHI H, FENG C L, HUANG H, et al. The correlation discussion between aluminum toxicity to aquatic organisms and water hardness[J]. Asian Journal of Ecotoxicology, 2016, 11(1):144-152(in Chinese).
[17] 吴丰昌,孟伟,宋永会,等. 中国湖泊水环境基准的研究进展[J]. 环境科学学报,2008,28(12):2385-2393. WU F C, MENG W, SONG Y H, et al. Research progress in lake water quality criteria in China[J]. Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae, 2008, 28(12):2385-2393(in Chinese).
[18] JOHN P G, ROBERT L G. Recent developments in and intercomparisons of acute and chronic biassays and bioindicators[J]. Environmental Bioassay Techniques and their Application, 1989, 188-189(1):21-60. [19] OECD. OECD Guideline for testing of chemicals-Freshwater Alga and Cyanobacteria, growth inhibition test. Guideline[S]. Paris,France:OECD Environment Directorate, 2011. [20] OECD. OECD Principles of good laboratory practice[R]. Paris, France:OECD, 1998. [21] MOERMOND C T A, KASE R, KORKARIC M, et al. CRED:Criteria for reporting and evaluating ecotoxicity data[J]. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, 2016, 35(5):1297-1309. [22] CCME. A protocol for the derivation of water quality guidelines[R]. Winnipeg, Manitoba:Canadian Council of Ministers of the Environment,2007. [23] 刘娜,金小伟,王业耀,等. 生态毒理数据筛查与评价准则研究[J]. 生态毒理学报,2016,11(3):1-10. LIU N, JIN X W, WANG Y Y, et al. Review of criteria for screening and evaluating ecotoxicity data[J]. Asian Journal of Ecotoxicology, 2016, 11(3):1-10(in Chinese).
[24] 国家环境保护局科技标准司. 水质-物质对淡水鱼(斑马鱼)急性毒性测定方法(GBT 13267-1991)[S]. 北京:中国标准出版社,1992. MEPPRC. Water quality-determination of the acute toxicity of substance to freshwater fish (Brachydanio rerio Hamilton-Buchanan)[S].Beijing:China Standards Press, 1992(in Chinese). [25] OECD. OECD Guideline for testing of chemicals-Daphinia sp., acute immobilisation test. Guideline[R]. Paris,France:OECD Environment Directorate, 2004. [26] ANZECC, ARMCANZ. Australian and New Zealand guildlines for fresh and marine water quality[R]. Canberra:Australian and New Zealand Environment and Conservation Council and Agriculture and Resource Management Council of Australia and New Zealand, 2000. [27] ZHU S Q. Ichthyological survey of lake Taihu during 2002-2003[J]. Journal of Lake Sciences, 2004, 16(2):120-124. [28] ZHU S Q, LIU Z W. Changes of the fish fauna and fish yield analysis in Lake Taihu[J]. Journal of Lake Sciences, 2007, 19(6):664-669. [29] LIU W L, HU W P, CHEN Y G. Temporal and spatial variation of aquatic macrophytes in west Taihu Lake[J]. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2007, 27(1):159-170. [30] ZHENG B H, TIAN Z Q, ZHANG L, et al. The characteristics of the Hydrobios' distribution and the analysis of water quality along the west shore of Taihu Lake[J]. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2007, 27(10):4214-4223. [31] GONG Z J, QIN B Q, CAI Y J. Community structure and diversity of macro zoobenthos in Lake Taihu, a large shallow eutrophic lake in China[J]. Biodiversity Science, 2010, 18(1):50-59. [32] XU H S, ZHANG Y. Spatial and temporal variation in the composition of phytoplankton species in Taihu Lake[J]. Environmental Monitoring and Forewarning, 2012, 4(6):38-41. [33] 倪勇,朱德全. 太湖鱼类志[M].上海:上海科学技术出版社,2005. NI Y, ZHU D Q. The review of fish in Tai Lake[M]. Shanghai:Shanghai Scientific & Technical Publishers, 2005(in Chinese). [34] 苏海磊. 太湖生物区系特征及其与我国湖泊水质基准推导的关系[D]. 北京:中国环境科学研究院,2011. SU H L. The aquatic biota characteristics of Taihu Lake and its relationship with the derivation of lake water quality criteria in China[D]. Bejing:Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, 2011(in Chinese). [35] WANG Y Y, ZHANG L S, MENG F S, et al. Improvement on species sensitivity distribution methods for deriving site-specific water quality criteria[J]. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 2014, 22(7):5271-5282. [36] CHEN L Q, LIU Y. Ecological succession and sustainable development in Taihu Lake[J]. Journal of East China Normal University(Natural Science), 2003, 1(4):99-106. [37] KOOIJMAN S. A safety factor for LC50 values allowing for differences in sensitivity among species[J]. Water Research, 1987, 21(3):269-276. [38] CONRADI M, DEPLEDGE M H. Effects of zine on the life-cycle, growth and reproduction of marine amphipod Corophium volutator[J]. Marine Ecology Progress Series, 1999, 176:131-138. [39] BRADLEY R W, SPRAGUE J B. The influence of pH, Water Hardness, and alkalinity on the acute lethality of zinc to rainbow trout(Salmo gairdneri)[J]. Canadian Journal of Fisheries & Aquatic Sciences, 1985, 2:731-735. [40] 周怀东,彭文启,杜霞,等. 中国地表水水质评价[J]. 中国水利水电科学研究院学报,2004,2(4):255-264. ZHOU H D, PENG W Q, DU X. Assessment of surface water quality in China[J]. Journal of China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research, 2004, 2(4):255-264(in Chinese).
[41] United States Environmental Protection Agency(US EPA). National Recommended Water Quality Criteria[R]. Washington DC:Office of Water, Office of Science and Technology, 2009. [42] WU F, MENG W, ZHAO X, et al. China embarking on development of its own national water quality criteria system[J]. Environmental Science and Technology, 2010, 44(21):7992-7993. [43] FU Z Y, WU F C, CHEN L L, et al. Copper and zinc, but not other priority toxic metals, pose risks to native aquatic species in a large urban lake in Eastern China[J]. Environmental Pollution, 2016, 219:1069-1076.
计量
- 文章访问数: 1930
- HTML全文浏览数: 1930
- PDF下载数: 92
- 施引文献: 0