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环境中微/纳米塑料的污染现状、分析方法、毒性评价及健康效应研究进展

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张瑾, 李丹. 环境中微/纳米塑料的污染现状、分析方法、毒性评价及健康效应研究进展[J]. 环境化学, 2021, (1): 28-40. doi: 10.7524/j.issn.0254-6108.2020062003
引用本文: 张瑾, 李丹. 环境中微/纳米塑料的污染现状、分析方法、毒性评价及健康效应研究进展[J]. 环境化学, 2021, (1): 28-40. doi: 10.7524/j.issn.0254-6108.2020062003
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ZHANG Jin, LI Dan. Review on the occurrence, analysis methods, toxicity and health effects of micro-and nano-plastics in the environment[J]. Environmental Chemistry, 2021, (1): 28-40. doi: 10.7524/j.issn.0254-6108.2020062003
Citation: ZHANG Jin, LI Dan. Review on the occurrence, analysis methods, toxicity and health effects of micro-and nano-plastics in the environment[J]. Environmental Chemistry, 2021, (1): 28-40. doi: 10.7524/j.issn.0254-6108.2020062003
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环境中微/纳米塑料的污染现状、分析方法、毒性评价及健康效应研究进展

  • 上海市大气颗粒物污染与防治重点实验室, 复旦大学环境科学与工程系, 上海, 200000

    • 通讯作者: 李丹, E-mail: lidanfudan@fudan.edu.cn
  • 基金项目:

    国家自然科学基金（91843301）资助.

Review on the occurrence, analysis methods, toxicity and health effects of micro-and nano-plastics in the environment

  • Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention, Department of Environmental Science&Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200000, China

    • Corresponding author: LI Dan, lidanfudan@fudan.edu.cn
  • Fund Project: Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(91843301).

  • 摘要: 微塑料是粒径小于5 mm的塑料颗粒，纳米塑料是粒径小于1 μm的塑料颗粒.微/纳米塑料广泛存在于各种环境介质中，由于其粒径小、比表面积大，很容易被直接吸入、经口食入或皮肤浸入至体内，造成毒害作用，危害健康.本文主要总结了环境中微/纳米塑料在水、大气、土壤和食品中的污染现状，阐述了其对生物体可能产生的毒性效应，探讨了其对人体健康造成的不良影响.最后本文在总结现有研究的基础上，对未来微/纳米塑料的毒性效应和健康危害的研究方向进行了分析和展望.
    Abstract: Microplastics are plastic particles with size less than 5 mm, while nano-plastics are plastic particles with size less than 1 μm. Micro- and nano-plastics are widely existed in the environment. Because of their small particle size and large specific surface area, they are easy to be directly inhaled, ingested via mouth or immersed into the body by skin, resulting in toxicity and adverse health effects. This paper mainly summarizes the occurrences and analysis methods of micro-/nano-plastics in the environment, the toxic effects, and the possible effects on the human health. Furthermore, this review provides insights for further research in the field of the toxicity and health effects of micro-/nano-plastics.
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  • 收稿日期:  2020-06-20

环境中微/纳米塑料的污染现状、分析方法、毒性评价及健康效应研究进展

    通讯作者: 李丹, E-mail: lidanfudan@fudan.edu.cn
  • 上海市大气颗粒物污染与防治重点实验室, 复旦大学环境科学与工程系, 上海, 200000
  • 收稿日期:  2020-06-20
基金项目:

国家自然科学基金（91843301）资助.

摘要: 微塑料是粒径小于5 mm的塑料颗粒，纳米塑料是粒径小于1 μm的塑料颗粒.微/纳米塑料广泛存在于各种环境介质中，由于其粒径小、比表面积大，很容易被直接吸入、经口食入或皮肤浸入至体内，造成毒害作用，危害健康.本文主要总结了环境中微/纳米塑料在水、大气、土壤和食品中的污染现状，阐述了其对生物体可能产生的毒性效应，探讨了其对人体健康造成的不良影响.最后本文在总结现有研究的基础上，对未来微/纳米塑料的毒性效应和健康危害的研究方向进行了分析和展望.

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