油田再生水对不同植物种子萌发的毒性评价
Phytotoxicity of Reclaimed Water from Oilfield to Seeds Germination of Different Plants
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摘要: 为探讨油田再生水对不同植物种子萌发的影响及评估其毒性，本研究采用种子萌发试验，以黑麦草(Lolium perenne)、高羊茅(Festuca elata)、苏丹草(Sorghum sudanense)、旱麦草(Eremopyrum triticeum)、盐地碱蓬(Suaeda salsa)和沙蓬(Agriophyllum squarrosum)为研究对象，研究油田再生水占溶液总体积比例为0%、10%、20%、30%、50%、100%浓度时对不同植物种子萌发的影响。结果表明：黑麦草、高羊茅、苏丹草、旱麦草和盐地碱蓬种子发芽率、发芽势、发芽指数、芽长和根长等指标随油田再生水浓度增加呈先上升后下降趋势，10%再生水浓度处理对黑麦草、高羊茅和苏丹草种子萌发和幼苗生长有显著促进作用(P＜0.05)，20%再生水浓度处理对旱麦草和盐地碱蓬种子萌发和幼苗生长有显著促进效果，50%以上油田再生水处理对6种植物种子萌发和生长均有显著抑制作用。通过植物种子根长建立剂量-效应曲得出，油田再生水对黑麦草、高羊茅、苏丹草、旱麦草和盐地碱蓬种子根生长的无观察效应浓度(NOEC)均为10%，半最大效应浓度(EC50)依次为32.87%、33.69%、30.56%、32.34%、38.23%。利用模糊数学隶属函数法评价得出，盐地碱蓬的萌发和幼苗生长受油田再生水的影响最小，对其更具有耐受性。研究结果可为国家建立再生水资源利用相关环境标准提供参考依据。Abstract: The effects of reclaimed water from oilfield on six plant seeds (Lolium perenne, Festuca elata, Sorghum sudanense, Eremopyrum triticeum, Suaeda salsa and Agriophyllum squarrosum) germination and phytotoxicity were studied by adopting a seed germination test with six reclaimed water concentrations (0%, 10%, 20%, 30%, 50% and 100%, reclaimed water/total solution, V/V). The results showed that the seed germination rate, germination potential, germination index, seedling height and root length of Lolium perenne, Festuca elata, Sorghum sudanense, Eremopyrum triticeum and Suaeda salsa were firstly increased and then decreased with the increase of oilfield reclaimed water concentration. The seed germination and plant growth of Lolium perenne, Festuca elata and Sorghum sudanense seeds were significantly promoted (P<0.05) when the reclaimed water concentration was 10%, while the seed germination and plant growth of Eremopyrum triticeum and Suaeda salsa were significantly promoted under the 20% concentration, but the seed germination and plant growth of the six plants were significantly inhibited under more than the 50% concentration. From dose-effect curve established with data of reclaimed water concentration and seed root length, the NOEC of the reclaimed water for seed root length of Lolium perenne, Festuca elata, Sorghum sudanense, Eremopyrum triticeum and Agriophyllum squarrosum were 10%, and the EC50 were determined as 32.87%, 33.69%, 30.56%, 32.34% and 38.23%, respectively. According to the evaluation by using fuzzy membership function, the seed germination and plant growth of Suaeda salsa was least affected by the oilfield reclaimed water, and was more tolerant than other five plants. The experimental results provide scientific basis for the national establishment of environmental standards of renewable water resources.
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Key words:
- reclaimed water irrigation /
- the lawn grass /
- germination /
- root length /
- seedling height
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