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随着工业与农业的飞速发展,人类的生活水平得到了极大地提高。与此同时,人类生产生活中形成的污废水也对环境造成了相当的威胁。近年来,污废水中的微量有机污染物引起了人们的注意。由于其浓度低、毒性高、尺寸小等特点,这些微量有机污染物难以通过传统的水处理工艺有效去除[1]。吸附法和膜分离法虽然能够去除水中的微污染物,但该两种方法仅将微污染物转移至其他环境中,未能从根本上实现其消除[2]。高级氧化法是一种以自由基为活性物种的水处理方法,已经广泛应用于微污染物的降解去除[3]。其中,由于其产生的硫酸根自由基(
${\rm{SO_{4}^{-}}} \cdot$ )具有更高的氧化还原电位和更长的半衰期,过硫酸盐高级氧化法在对水中微量有机污染物的降解去除中更有优势[4]。众所周知,金属有机框架(MOFs)由于具有高比表面积、多活性位点及可调的组成与结构,已经广泛应用于催化过硫酸盐降解微量有机污染物中[5]。然而,由于其水稳定性较弱,在催化降解的过程中会造成水体的二次污染。最近,通过碳化MOFs衍生的复合纳米材料引起了研究人员的兴趣[6]。该复合材料不仅继承了MOFs的高比表面积和多活性位点等特点,还具有更稳定的物理化学结构与性质[7]。因此,将MOFs衍生复合纳米材料用于催化过硫酸盐降解有机微污染物具有显著的优势。然而,由于MOFs衍生复合纳米材料的粉体特性,将其直接用于水处理存在着易流失和易团聚的问题。利用廉价且环境友好的生物质作为载体对纳米材料进行负载是一种有效的途径[8]。陈潇等制备了生物质负载的纳米零价铁,并研究了其去除土壤中的十溴二苯乙烷的性能。结果表明,生物质的负载促进了纳米零价铁的均匀分布,使得其对十溴二苯乙烷的去除率达到了89.74%[9]。张婷婷利用生物质负载了TiO2-SnO2,并利用其处理焦化废水。结果显示,得益于生物质的微孔结构和TiO2-SnO2的催化活性,焦化废水的处理效果得到了较大的提升[10]。然而,利用生物质负载MOFs作为前驱体热解衍生复合材料催化过硫酸盐降解有机微污染物的相关研究尚未见报道。
本实验以禾本科植物狗尾巴草为生物质载体,利用原位生长的方法将ZIF-67负载于具有三维结构的狗尾巴草表面,随后通过高温热解制备了生物质负载MOFs衍生的复合材料,并研究其催化过硫酸盐降解典型有机微污染物双酚A(BPA)的性能。生物质狗尾草具有三维的空间结构,当其作为催化材料的载体时,有利于催化材料在其表面的均匀分布。同时,其三维的空间结构能够促进反应体系中催化材料与PMS的充分接触,有利于催化反应的高效进行。由于具有分散性良好的MOFs衍生纳米材料以及三维的空间结构,实验制备的复合材料表现出优异的催化性能。此外,实验考察了ZIF-67负载量、复合材料投加量、pH等参数对BPA降解效果的影响,确定了降解的最佳条件,并探究了催化降解的机理。
生物质负载ZIF-67衍生复合材料催化过硫酸盐降解双酚A
Biomass immobilized ZIF-67 derived composites for degrading bisphenol A by activating peroxymonosulfate
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摘要: 过硫酸盐(PMS)高级氧化法在降解新型有机微污染物中展现出独特的性能优势。本实验以生物质狗尾草原位负载ZIF-67为前驱体,高温热解制备了复合材料,并开展了其催化过硫酸盐降解微污染物双酚A(BPA)的性能研究。研究表明,ZIF-67均匀地负载于生物质狗尾草表面。分析优化了复合催化材料的负载量,并考察了降解实验参数如复合催化材料投加量、PMS投加量和反应溶液pH等对BPA去除率的影响。在本实验条件下,当复合催化材料投加量为0.1 g·L−1、PMS投加量为0.14 g·L−1、反应pH 8.03时,对20 g·L−1 BPA的降解效果最优,去除率高达98.65%。本研究为催化PMS降解水中有机微污染物的高性能催化材料提供了新的设计策略。Abstract: Peroxymonosulfate (PMS) based advanced oxidation technology has shown distinctive advantages in degrading emerging organic micropollutants. In this work, a composite material was fabricated by the pyrolysis of a precursor, which prepared by in situ growing ZIF-67 on the surface of biomass setaria. The catalytic performance of the obtained composite material for activating PMS toward degrading micropollutants Bisphenol A (BPA) was investigated. The results indicate that the ZIF-67 nanoparticles were uniformly dispersed on the surface of biomass setaria. The loading amount of composite material was optimized. Besides, the influence of experimental parameters i.e. catalyst and PMS dosage as well as the pH value on BPA degradation were investigated. The optimized degradation performance of 98.65% toward 20 mg·L−1 BPA was achieved, under the condition of catalyst dosage of 0.1 g·L−1, PMS dosage of 0.14 g·L−1 and the pH at 8.03. This work supplies a novel strategy of designing highly performed catalyst for PMS toward degrading organic micropollutants in water.
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Key words:
- biomass /
- metal organic framework /
- peroxymonosulfate /
- micropollutants /
- advanced oxidation /
- bisphenol A
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表 1 不同催化剂催化PMS降解BPA的性能对比
Table 1. Performance comparison of different catalyst for activating PMS to degrade BPA
催化剂
CatalystBPA浓度/(mg·L−1)
BPA concentrationPMS浓度/(g·L−1)
PMS concentration催化剂浓度/(g·L−1)
Catalyst concentration去除率
Removal efficiency降解时间/min
Degradation time文献
ReferenceFe3C@CN 20 0.3 0.2 99.1% 30 [20] Fe3O4-BC 20 5 mM 2 ~100% 120 [21] CA 10 0.34 0.4 91% 60 [22] FeCo-PBAs/PAN 20 0.5 0.233 67% 240 [23] FeAl-LDH 20 0.2 0.2 93% 60 [24] FexCo3-xO4 20 0.2 0.1 95% 60 [25] BC-2 20 0.14 0.10 98.65% 30 本研究 -
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