摘要:
全氟烷基磺酸盐(PFASs)在工业生产和生活中广泛应用,某些PFASs已成为环境中普遍的污染物。鉴于对动物和人类的潜在毒性,全氟辛烷磺酸盐(PFOS)已被禁用,由一些半衰期相对较短的短链PFASs (如全氟丁烷磺酸盐,PFBS)替代。虽然四碳的PFBS和六碳的全氟己烷磺酸盐(PFHS)已经广泛使用,但目前对其毒性及其机制的了解很少。通过检测发育毒性和致畸性的非洲爪蟾胚胎致畸试验(FETAX),得到PFOS、PFHS和PFBS半致死浓度(LC50),半致畸浓度(EC50)和最小抑制生长浓度(MCIG),比较研究了3种化合物的发育毒性。结果发现,PFOS的LC50、EC50和MCIG分别为51.46、108.20和35 mg·L-1。PFHS和PFBS的LC50大于100 mg·L-1,对胚胎形态和生长没有明显影响。PFASs暴露引起非洲爪蟾胚胎运动行为异常。FETAX结果表明,PFOS急性发育毒性明显大于PFHS和PFBS。
Abstract:
Due to wide application in various products, some of the perfluoroalkyl sulfonates (PFASs) have become ubiquitous pollutants in the environment. Considering the potential toxicity in animals and humans, perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) has been banned. Short perfluorohexane sulfonate uoroalkyl chain chemicals with shorter half-life in animals and human have been introduced as substitutes, such as perfluorobutane sulfonate (PFBS). Although PFBS and perfluorohexane sulfonate (PFHS) have been widely used, their toxicity and mechanism are unclear. In this paper, a rapid, simple, and cost-effective method the frog embryo teratogenesis assayXenopus (FETAX), was used to evaluate the developmental toxicity and teratogenicity. The developmental toxicity of PFOS, PFHS and PFBS were evaluated based on lethal concentrations (LC50), teratogenic concentrations (EC50) and minimum concentration to inhibit growth (MCIG). LC50, EC50 and MCIG for PFOS were 51.46, 108.20 and 35 mg·L-1, respectively. LC50 of PFHS and PFBS were both higher than 100 mg·L-1, however, they did not significantly affect the morphology and growth of embryos. PFASs exposure induced the abnormal swimming behavior of embryos. The results of FETAX showed that the acute embryo toxicity of PFHS and PFBS are lower than that of PFOS.
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