环境化学品对重组发光大肠杆菌和502发光细菌的急性毒性研究
Acute Toxicity Study of Environmental Chemicals to Recombinant Luminescent Escherichia coli and Photobacterium phosphoreum 502
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摘要: 旨在评估构建的重组发光大肠杆菌相比于502发光细菌对多种化学品的毒性敏感性。以环境中常见的多种化学品为目标化合物，开展急性毒性测试实验，分别比较2种菌对3种无机金属、4种有机溶剂以及5种有机污染物的敏感度。实验结果表明，锌、铜、镉、丙酮、乙腈、乙醇、二甲基亚砜、3,5-二氯苯酚、甲醛、邻二甲苯、间二甲苯和对二甲苯对重组发光大肠杆菌的EC50值(0.040、0.004、0.157、0.190、0.209、1.044、0.718、4.622×10-5、6.62×10-4、0.451、0.360和0.016 mol·L-1)均高于对502发光细菌的EC50值(0.083、0.266、0.211、1.062、1.416、1.694、1.672、6.49×10-5、1.014×10-2、0.441、0.797和0.494 mol·L-1)，表明构建的重组发光大肠杆菌对受试化学品的毒性敏感性强于502发光细菌；且重组发光大肠杆菌的毒性测试结果与现有研究的生物毒性测定结果显示出更好的相关性。本研究表明重组发光大肠杆菌更适合作为生态监测的测试菌种，研究结果可为环境化学品的污染控制和生物毒性测试提供参考。Abstract: The toxicity sensitivities of the constructed recombinant luminescent Escherichia coli compared to Photobacterium phosphoreum 502 to a variety of common chemicals were evaluated in this study. Acute toxicity tests were conducted using a range of chemicals, including three inorganic metals, four organic solvents, and five organic pollutants. The results showed that the EC50 values of zinc, copper, and acetone, ethanol, dimethyl sulfoxide, 3,5-dichlorophenol, formaldehyde, o-xylene, m-xylene, and p-xylene to the recombinant luminescent E. coli (0.040, 0.004, 0.157, 0.190, 0.209, 1.044, 0.718, 4.622×10-5, 6.62×10-4, 0.451, 0.360, and 0.0016 mol·L-1) were all higher than those to P. phosphoreum 502 (0.083, 0.266, 0.211, 1.062, 1.416, 1.694, 1.672, 6.49×10-5, 1.014×10-2, 0.441, 0.797, and 0.494 mol·L-1), indicating that the recombinant luminescent E. coli was more sensitive to the toxicity of the chemicals tested in this study than P. phosphoreum 502. Furthermore, the toxicity test results of the recombinant luminescent E. coli showed better correlation with the previous toxicity assay results. This study showed that the recombinant luminescent E. coli is more suitable as a test organism for ecological monitoring. The results of this study could provide reference for pollution control and biotoxicity testing of environmental chemicals.
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