海洋环境中抗生素抗性基因的分布、来源、传播和风险研究
Study on Distribution, Source, Propagation and Risk of Antibiotic Resistance Genes in Marine Environment
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摘要: 当前抗生素抗性基因(antibiotic resistance genes, ARGs)在海洋环境中已普遍存在并广泛传播，具有潜在的生态健康风险。本文综述了国内外近岸海洋环境(河口、沿海地区以及周边海洋)和极地海域中ARGs的分布和归趋特征，总结了医疗废水、陆地径流、污水处理厂尾水和养殖废水等近岸海域ARGs的主要来源，分析了近岸海域ARGs的传播扩散途径和影响因素，探讨了近岸海域ARGs传播对人类健康构成的潜在风险以及评估方法。最后，我们从构建海洋环境中ARGs污染的标准化检测方法、深入研究海洋环境中ARGs的传播转移规律等方面对今后的研究进行了展望。本综述为全面了解海洋环境ARGs污染以及健康风险提供支撑。Abstract: Antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) have been recognized as emerging contaminants in marine environment due to their frequent occurrence, horizontal-transfer, and high ecological health risks. This review described the distribution and fate of ARGs in nearshore marine environments (estuaries, coastal areas and surrounding seas) and Arctic and Antarctic polar marine environments. We found the main ARGs in nearshore marine environment are from the medical wastewater, land runoff, sewage treatment plant tail water and aquaculture wastewater; we further analyzed the dissemination pathways of ARGs and related influencing factors in nearshore marine environment; we also discussed the available methods for assessing potential risks of ARGs on human health. Finally, we provided the perspectives in terms of establishing standardized detection methods, and strengthening the study of ARGs transport in marine environment. This review provides a comprehensive understanding of ARGs pollution and its health risks in the marine environment.
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Key words:
- antibiotics /
- antibiotics resistance genes /
- mobile genetic elements
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